Natural Science Exam 1
control variable - Answer -In an experiment of or set of compared observations, a variable that does not
differ between control and test groups.
controlled experiment - Answer -Test group compared to a control, or unaltered, group.
data - Answer -Recordable observations or measurements.
deductive reasoning - Answer -Using general principles to infer answers to specific questions.
dependent variable - Answer -Measured results of an experiment; result of the effects of the
independent variable
double blind - Answer -Experiment in which neither researcher nor subject knows which treatment is
being given until the data have been collected.
hypothesis - Answer -Explanation of expectations based on an understanding of current evidence.
independent variable - Answer -Condition being tested; different in test and control groups.
inductive reasoning - Answer -Using specific examples to extrapolate general principles.
, observation - Answer -A description or characterization of a natural phenomenon, either experimental
or not, usually in the smallest unit; a quantitative or qualitative measure of a subject under study;
together with others forms a set of results or dataset.
science - Answer -Asks and answers questions based on the assumption that processes are based on
generalized rules that can be described with careful observation in an attempt to understand the natural
world.
scientific inquiry - Answer -Search for information and explanation.
theory - Answer -General, verifiable principle explaining many observations and based on the results of
controlled experiments or observations.
Describe the science of biology - Answer -Biology is the subset of science that aims to understand the
structure and function of the living world, but it is strongly linked to other sciences. Biology is itself split
into specialties, often based on level of organization. These include everything from molecular biology,
which examines how genes and proteins interact to make up the diversity of structures an organism
possesses, to ecosystems ecology, which studies how entire communities of organisms interact with
their external environment to shape global processes
biological evolution - Answer -A process that results in heritable changes in a population over time
natural selection - Answer -Mechanism of evolution theorized by Darwin and Wallace. Organisms best
suited to the environment have the most resources for survival and reproduction and pass their
successful traits to offspring
Identify evolution as the core theme and unifying concept in biology - Answer -Charles Darwin
formulated one mechanism of evolution, natural selection, in the mid-1800s by simple observation.
Natural selection is a process that describes how traits change in a population by the differential
reproduction of its members. Genetics was incorporated into evolution in the mid-1900s. Today,
scientists study evolution at the level of genes.
Explain how evolution has led to both the unity and diversity of life forms. - Answer -Evidences from
similarities in DNA and cellular structures and processes support Darwin's idea that all organisms share a
control variable - Answer -In an experiment of or set of compared observations, a variable that does not
differ between control and test groups.
controlled experiment - Answer -Test group compared to a control, or unaltered, group.
data - Answer -Recordable observations or measurements.
deductive reasoning - Answer -Using general principles to infer answers to specific questions.
dependent variable - Answer -Measured results of an experiment; result of the effects of the
independent variable
double blind - Answer -Experiment in which neither researcher nor subject knows which treatment is
being given until the data have been collected.
hypothesis - Answer -Explanation of expectations based on an understanding of current evidence.
independent variable - Answer -Condition being tested; different in test and control groups.
inductive reasoning - Answer -Using specific examples to extrapolate general principles.
, observation - Answer -A description or characterization of a natural phenomenon, either experimental
or not, usually in the smallest unit; a quantitative or qualitative measure of a subject under study;
together with others forms a set of results or dataset.
science - Answer -Asks and answers questions based on the assumption that processes are based on
generalized rules that can be described with careful observation in an attempt to understand the natural
world.
scientific inquiry - Answer -Search for information and explanation.
theory - Answer -General, verifiable principle explaining many observations and based on the results of
controlled experiments or observations.
Describe the science of biology - Answer -Biology is the subset of science that aims to understand the
structure and function of the living world, but it is strongly linked to other sciences. Biology is itself split
into specialties, often based on level of organization. These include everything from molecular biology,
which examines how genes and proteins interact to make up the diversity of structures an organism
possesses, to ecosystems ecology, which studies how entire communities of organisms interact with
their external environment to shape global processes
biological evolution - Answer -A process that results in heritable changes in a population over time
natural selection - Answer -Mechanism of evolution theorized by Darwin and Wallace. Organisms best
suited to the environment have the most resources for survival and reproduction and pass their
successful traits to offspring
Identify evolution as the core theme and unifying concept in biology - Answer -Charles Darwin
formulated one mechanism of evolution, natural selection, in the mid-1800s by simple observation.
Natural selection is a process that describes how traits change in a population by the differential
reproduction of its members. Genetics was incorporated into evolution in the mid-1900s. Today,
scientists study evolution at the level of genes.
Explain how evolution has led to both the unity and diversity of life forms. - Answer -Evidences from
similarities in DNA and cellular structures and processes support Darwin's idea that all organisms share a
