ASU BIO 340- Genetics
Exam 1 Study Material
(Combined) Questions
and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,Central Dogma - Correct Ans: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
, theory that states that, in cells, information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins
Gene - Correct Ans: The physical unit of heredity,
composed of a DNA sequence that is
transcribed and encodes a polypeptide
or another functional molecule.
Mutation - Correct Ans: The addition of genetic variation that increases the hereditary diversity of a
population
Independent events - Correct Ans: The probability that one occurs does not affect the probability that
the other occurs
Multiplicative Rule of Probability - Correct Ans: If two events are independent, then the probability that
they both occur is given by p(A,B)=P(A)P(B)
True-breeding - Correct Ans: A group of identical individuals that always produce offspring of the same
phenotype when mated with each other
Replicate Crosses - Correct Ans: Same cross repeated
Reciprocal Crosses - Correct Ans: determines whether a trait is sex linked. If autosomal, should be same
ratio no matter which way cross is. If sex linked, there will be a difference in phenotype ratios
Test Crosses - Correct Ans: Specific crosses to test hypotheses about genes.
Mendel's Law of Segregation - Correct Ans: a. The two copies of a gene separate equally during gamete
formation, so that half of the gametes carry one member of the pair, and half carry the other member
b. During fertilization, gametes unite at random, i.e. they fuse without regard to which allele is carried
by the other
, Law of Independent Assortment - Correct Ans: During gamete formation, the segregation of alleles at
one locus is independent of the segregation of alleles at another locus.
Dihybrid cross - Correct Ans: 9:3:3:1
Two-point test cross - Correct Ans: 1:1:1:1 ratio
Autosomal inheritance - Correct Ans: Transmission of traits carried on autosomes, which are
chromosomes found in both males and females
Pedigree - Correct Ans: A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of
a family
Autosomal Dominant Inheritance - Correct Ans: Only on copy of the abnormal gene is required for
individual to be affected
Autosomal Recessive Inheritance - Correct Ans: Need 2 copies of the damaged gene to inherit the
problem-1 from the mother and 1 from the father
Homologous - Correct Ans: Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same
structure
Recurrence risk - Correct Ans: Chance that an inherited disorder present in a family will affect another
person in that family. Calculation is dependent upon the mode of inheritance as well as the pedigree of
the family being counseled.
Gene interactions - Correct Ans: The ways genes collaborate or interact to influence a phenotype.
Recessive mutation - Correct Ans: This type of mutation is seen only in homozygous individuals.
Null mutation - Correct Ans: Mutation in which all of the function is lost
Exam 1 Study Material
(Combined) Questions
and Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,Central Dogma - Correct Ans: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
, theory that states that, in cells, information only flows from DNA to RNA to proteins
Gene - Correct Ans: The physical unit of heredity,
composed of a DNA sequence that is
transcribed and encodes a polypeptide
or another functional molecule.
Mutation - Correct Ans: The addition of genetic variation that increases the hereditary diversity of a
population
Independent events - Correct Ans: The probability that one occurs does not affect the probability that
the other occurs
Multiplicative Rule of Probability - Correct Ans: If two events are independent, then the probability that
they both occur is given by p(A,B)=P(A)P(B)
True-breeding - Correct Ans: A group of identical individuals that always produce offspring of the same
phenotype when mated with each other
Replicate Crosses - Correct Ans: Same cross repeated
Reciprocal Crosses - Correct Ans: determines whether a trait is sex linked. If autosomal, should be same
ratio no matter which way cross is. If sex linked, there will be a difference in phenotype ratios
Test Crosses - Correct Ans: Specific crosses to test hypotheses about genes.
Mendel's Law of Segregation - Correct Ans: a. The two copies of a gene separate equally during gamete
formation, so that half of the gametes carry one member of the pair, and half carry the other member
b. During fertilization, gametes unite at random, i.e. they fuse without regard to which allele is carried
by the other
, Law of Independent Assortment - Correct Ans: During gamete formation, the segregation of alleles at
one locus is independent of the segregation of alleles at another locus.
Dihybrid cross - Correct Ans: 9:3:3:1
Two-point test cross - Correct Ans: 1:1:1:1 ratio
Autosomal inheritance - Correct Ans: Transmission of traits carried on autosomes, which are
chromosomes found in both males and females
Pedigree - Correct Ans: A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of
a family
Autosomal Dominant Inheritance - Correct Ans: Only on copy of the abnormal gene is required for
individual to be affected
Autosomal Recessive Inheritance - Correct Ans: Need 2 copies of the damaged gene to inherit the
problem-1 from the mother and 1 from the father
Homologous - Correct Ans: Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same
structure
Recurrence risk - Correct Ans: Chance that an inherited disorder present in a family will affect another
person in that family. Calculation is dependent upon the mode of inheritance as well as the pedigree of
the family being counseled.
Gene interactions - Correct Ans: The ways genes collaborate or interact to influence a phenotype.
Recessive mutation - Correct Ans: This type of mutation is seen only in homozygous individuals.
Null mutation - Correct Ans: Mutation in which all of the function is lost
