CPN Exam Practice questions 2024 with Answers

Isoniazid is prescribed for a child with HIV who has a positive Mantoux test result. The mother of the child asks the nurse how long the child will need to take the medication. The nurse tells the mother that the mediation will need to be taken for: 1. 4 months 2. 6 months 3. 9 months 4. 12 months Correct Answer4. 12 months A hospitalized 2 year old with croup is receiving corticosteroid therapy and the mother asks a nurse why the physician did not prescribe antibiotics. The appropriate response would be: 1. The child may be allergic to antibiotics 2. The child is too young to receive antibiotics 3. Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present 4. The child still has the maternal antibodies from birth and doesn't need antibiotics Correct Answer3. Antibiotics are not indicated unless a bacterial infection is present • A child with croup is receiving a nebulized dose of racemic epinephrine. The mother is concerned because the child is frightened, consistently crying and pulling the mask off. The best nursing action would be to: 1. Put the child in restraints so they do not pull the mask off 2. Call the physician and obtain an order for a mild sedative 3. Use a dinosaur shaped mask to deliver the medication 4. Let the mother hold the child on her lap during the treatment Correct Answer4. Let the mother hold the child on her lap during the treatment A 16 year old male comes into the school nurse and says, "My chest had a sudden, sharp pain and it still hurts." The school nurse examines an anxious appearing, tachypneic young man and notes decreased, possibly absent breath sounds to the left lower lobe. The most likely diagnosis is: 1. Cystic Fibrosis 2. Anxiety Disorder 3. Pneumothorax 4. Asthma Correct Answer3. Pneumothorax What is the most appropriate equipment to have available for the child admitted with epiglottitis? 1. Bag-mask and bronchodilators 2. Tracheotomy set up and oxygen 3. Suction set up and oxygen 4. Antibiotics and suction Correct Answer2. Tracheotomy set up and oxygen • The nurse recommends which of the following to prevent otitis media? 1. Cleaning the ear canals with hydrogen peroxide 2. Administering continuous, small dose antibiotic therapy 3. Instilling ear drops regularly 4. Holding the infant upright when feeding with a bottle Correct Answer4. Holding the infant upright when feeding with a bottle Mom says her 5 year old daughter has been home from school sick for the past three days, with a fever of 38.90 C that decreases to 37.20 C with acetaminophen. Mom states she has not had any energy. She has be coughing and complaining that her chest hurts. The most likely diagnosis is: 1. Bronchiolitis 2. Asthma exacerbation 3. Pneumonia 4. None of the above Correct Answer3. Pneumonia Mom calls you to assess her 4 month old child. She tells you he keeps crying and she cannot seem to console him. You note head bobbing, intercostal retractions, and decreased breath sound on the left and rhonchi bilaterally. Your first priority is to: 1. Calm mom down as the infant will pick up on her anxiety 2. Call the pediatrician to come examine the child 3. Suction the nares, if no improvement nasopharyngeal suction 4. Manage the airway, increase oxygen, suction Correct Answer4. Manage the airway, increase oxygen, suction • Which of the following, when described by the parents of a child with CF, indicate they understand the underlying problem of this disease? 1. An abnormality in the body's mucous secreting glands 2. Formation of fibrous cysts in various body organs 3. Failure of the pancreatic ducts to develop properly 4. Reaction of the formation of antibodies against streptococcus Correct Answer1. An abnormality in the body's mucous secreting glands • A 4 year old boy was brought to the ED by his nanny, "he was at the playground and they were all running around and all of a sudden he was coughing and breathing funny..." You note vital signs T - 37.20C, P - 110, R - 32, BP - 110/74, SpO2 - 90% on room air, audible stridor, intercostal retraction. The child asks between breaths, "Am I in trouble?" You tell him he is not in trouble and that you are going to try to make him feel better. You ask him if he has ever had trouble breathing like this before and he says "no." The nanny says "he is a very healthy and active boy." You apply oxygen and give a dose of racemic epinephrine, which has limited effect on the stridor. You transport him to get a chest x-ray. • What is the most likely cause of this child's breathing trouble? 1. Asthma exacerbation 2. Pneumothorax 3. Epiglottitis 4. Croup 5. Foreign body aspiration Correct Answer4. Croup • The major pharmacologic action of albuterol (Proventil) is: 1. Decreasing airway reactivity 2. Decreasing inflammation and airway obstruction 3. Improving the action of cilia to sweep trapped mucous upward 4. Relaxing constricted bronchial smooth muscle Correct Answer4. Relaxing constricted bronchial smooth muscle The mother of a 3 year old boy with cystic fibrosis is interested in having another child. What genetic counseling can you give regarding her chances of having another child with the disease with her next pregnancy? 1. 100% 2. 75% 3. 25% 4. 50% Correct Answer4. 50% What are the abnormal changes in heart structures in Tetralogy of Fallot? 1. Stenosis of the pulmonary vein, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, overriding aorta, and a ventricular septal defect 2. Hypertrophy of the left ventricle, stenosis of the pulmonary vein, atrial septa defect and overriding aorta 3. Stenosis of the pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, ventricular septal defect and overriding aorta 4. Stenosis of the pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the left ventricle, a patent ductus arteriosus and overriding aorta Correct Answer3. Stenosis of the pulmonary artery, hypertrophy of the right ventricle, ventricular septal defect and overriding aorta What medication is often used to maintain a patent ductus arteriosus? 1. Prostaglandin E 2. D51/2 NS 3. Fentanyl 4. Esmolol Correct Answer1. Prostaglandin E Which of the following are priority assessments for a 10 year old child receiving digoxin? 1. Apical pulse prior to administration 2. Blood pressure prior to administration 3. Temperature prior to administration 4. Ensure adequate hydration prior to administration Correct Answer1. Apical pulse prior to administration A child with a cyanotic heart defect has an elevated hemoglobin level, hematocrit and RBC count. What do these suggest? 1. Anemia 2. Dehydration 3. Jaundice 4. Compensation for hypoxia Correct Answer4. Compensation for hypoxia What is the best response to a 12 year old child who asks about rheumatic fever? 1. "Your immune system has mistaken your heart valves as bacteria and is attacking your own heart." 2. "You have an infection in your heart." 3. "Your heart is having trouble handling an infection that is in your bloodstream." 4. "This is a condition that can easily be treated with antibiotics. Correct Answer