Certified Nephrology Nurse 2024 study guide Questions and Correct Answers

explain the correlation with the respiratory system and end stage renal failure Ans--left ventricular dysfunction and excessive fluid volume may lead to pulmonary edema coincided with pulmonary infections, fungal and viral. define osteitis fibrosa Ans--replacement of bone with fibrous tissue define osteoporosis Ans--reduction of bone mineral density define osteosclerosis Ans--significant increase in bone density what is the etiology of anemia found in uremic patients Ans--the small amount of red blood cells that do form are usually abnormal, one cause is the decreased production of erythropoietin another is the inability to absorb iron, also the life span of the red blood cells diminishes, platelet abnormalities can lead to bleeding of the gums, the dialyzer may leak during dialysis, excess labs at treatment how do the kidneys influence bone health and what are the effects of kidney disease on this process Ans--the kidneys function to maintain calcium and phosphorous levels, the hormone calcitriol also know as vitamin D 3, produced by the kidney enables absorption of calcium from blood sources, when kidney function decreases causes calcium levels to drop and phosphorous levels increase the body responds by increasing the parathyroid hormone which functions to raise serum blood calcium PTH causes the absorption of calcium from the bones back into the bloodstream leaving brittle bones in place define osteomalacia Ans--calcification problem