BIO 161 Study Guide- Questions and Correct Answers

Distinguish between anatomy and physiology. Anatomy - Study of structure and organization of the body and its parts Physiology - Study of the function of the body and its parts Name and explain characteristics of living things Movement - change in position; internal, external Responsiveness - reaction to change Growth - change in size or not Reproduction - production of new organisms Respiration - obtaining oxygen; removing carbon dioxide; releasing energy from foods Digestion - breakdown of food into simpler substances Absorption - passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids Circulation - movement of substances in body fluids Assimilation - changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms Excretion - removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions Metabolism - the sum of chemical and physical reactions that occur Define metabolism the sum of chemical and physical reactions that occur Name the requirements of a living organism - Water - Food - Heat - Pressure - Oxygen What is homeostasis? Maintaining a stable internal environment Explain how a negative feedback system works Stimulates change in opposite direction of stimulus How does a positive feedback system work? Give an example Stimulates change in same direction as stimulus; uterine contractions Distinguish between axial and appendicular portions of the body Distinguish between the dorsal and ventral body cavities What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? Diaphragm