TEST BANK
Fundamentals of Biochemistry
Donald Voet, Stephen Woski, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt, and Destin Heilman
6th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Introduction to the Chemistry of Life 1
Chapter 02 Water 21
Chapter 03 Amino Acids and Polypeptides 43
Chapter 04 Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure 71
Chapter 05 Carbohydrates 94
Chapter 06 Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information 122
Chapter 07 Lipids and Biological Membranes 143
Chapter 08 Membrane Transport 168
Chapter 09 Enzymatic Catalysis 186
Chapter 10 Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control 205
Chapter 11 Biochemical Signaling 228
Chapter 12 Introduction to Metabolism 258
Chapter 13 Glucose Metabolism 286
Chapter 14 Glycogen Metabolism 322
Chapter 15 Citric Acid Cycle 346
Chapter 16 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation 373
Chapter 17 Photosynthesis 400
Chapter 18 Lipid Metabolism 430
Chapter 19 Amino Acid Metabolism 458
Chapter 20 Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation 487
Chapter 21 Nucleotide Metabolism 518
Chapter 22 DNA Replication 546
Chapter 23 Repair and Recombination 565
Chapter 24 Transcription and RNA Processing 576
Chapter 25 Protein Synthesis 602
Chapter 26 Regulation of Gene Expression 627
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Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Chemistry of Life
Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
A) phylogenetic
B) negative
C) H2O
D) H°
E) H – TS
F) halobacteria
G) open
H) entropy
I) flux
J) polymers
K) G°
L) thermophiles
M) nitrogen
N positive
1. The most abundant molecule in the human body is _____.
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
2. During chemical evolution, small organic molecules condense to form more complex
molecules called ______.
Answer: J
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.B The Origin of Life
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1|Page
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Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
3. Evolutionary relationships can be visualized using a ______ tree.
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cell architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
4. The organisms most likely to be found in a brine environment would be ______.
Answer: F
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cell architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
5. The organisms most likely to be found in high temperature environments would be ______.
Ans: L
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cell architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
6. The term used to indicate the degree of randomness within a system is ______.
Ans: H
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.B Thermodynamics
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2|Page
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Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
7. Spontaneous processes are characterized by a change in Gibbs free energy that is ______.
Ans: B
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.B Thermodynamics
8. Gibbs free energy is defined as G = ______.
Ans: E
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3C Thermodynamics
9. The symbol for free energy under standard biochemical conditions is ______.
Ans: K
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.B Thermodynamics
10. Living creatures can be described thermodynamically as ______ systems.
Ans: G
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.E Thermodynamics
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Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Multiple Choice
11. What are the four most abundant elements in a human body?
A) C, N, O, H
B) C, N, O, P
C) C, S, O, H
D) C, Na, O, H
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
12. The atmosphere of prebiotic earth probably contained the following molecules:
A) H2O, CO2, N2 , CH4, and NH3.
B) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H12O6, and NH3.
C) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H12O6, and COO-CH2NH+3.
D) H2O, CO2, CH4, COOHCH2NH3, and NH3.
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
13. In 1953, Urey and Miller carried out an experiment in which they subjected a mixture of
H2O, CH4, NH3, and H2 to electrical discharges. Which of the following were among the
products?
A) proteins
B) amino acids
C) nucleic acids
D) ribosomes
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
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4|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
14. Which of the following statements about hydrothermal vents is true?
A) The vents have temperatures as high as 1000oC and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
B) The vents have temperatures as high as 800°C and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
C) The vents have temperatures as high as 600°C and emit H2S and metal nitrates.
D) The vents have temperatures as high as 400°C and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
Answer: D
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
For questions 15-18, consider the structure of the coenzyme NADP.
O
B
O NH 2
O P O N
A H
O
H
O
H H
OH OH NH2
O P O
N
C
N
O
N N
H
O
H
D
H H
OH O
E
O P O
O
15. Which arrow points at a phosphate ester bond?
A) A
B) B
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Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
C) D
D) E
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
16. Which arrow points at an amide bond?
A) B
B) C
C) D
D) E
Answer: B A
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
17. Which arrow points at an anhydride bond?
A) A
B) B
C) D
D) E
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
18. Which of the following developed during the evolution of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic
cells?
A) DNA
B) the cell membrane
C) nuclear membranes
D) ribosomes
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6|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
19. Using phylogeny, all living organisms can be divided into the following domains:
A) bacteria, eukarya, and vertebrate
B) archaea and eukarya
C) bacteria, eukarya, and archaea
D) eukarya and bacteria
Answer: C
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
20. The theory of evolution includes which of the following principles?
A) Evolution is not directed toward a specific goal.
B) Evolution is ongoing, and is constrained by its past.
C) Evolution does not require variation among individuals for adaptation to occur.
D) A and B
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.D Cellular Architecture
21. Which three cellular components are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A) ribosomes, chloroplasts, mitochondria
B) nucleus, ribosomes, RNA
C) RNA, DNA, ribosomes
D) mitochondria, DNA, RNA
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7|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
22. The bulk of aerobic metabolism in eukaryotic cells takes place in
A) the endoplasmic reticulum
B) the nucleus
C) the mitochondria
D) peroxisomes
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
23. Which cellular compartment or organelle is involved in the synthesis of cellular components
such as proteins and lipids?
A) endoplasmic reticulum
B) lysosomes
C) peroxisomes
D) vacuoles
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
24. Which of the following is a similarity between all prokaryotes and all eukaryotes?
A) Both contain DNA in a nucleus.
B) Both contain some of the same membrane bound cell organelles (like mitochondria, Golgi
complexes, etc.).
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8|Page
Fundamentals of Biochemistry
Donald Voet, Stephen Woski, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt, and Destin Heilman
6th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 Introduction to the Chemistry of Life 1
Chapter 02 Water 21
Chapter 03 Amino Acids and Polypeptides 43
Chapter 04 Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure 71
Chapter 05 Carbohydrates 94
Chapter 06 Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information 122
Chapter 07 Lipids and Biological Membranes 143
Chapter 08 Membrane Transport 168
Chapter 09 Enzymatic Catalysis 186
Chapter 10 Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control 205
Chapter 11 Biochemical Signaling 228
Chapter 12 Introduction to Metabolism 258
Chapter 13 Glucose Metabolism 286
Chapter 14 Glycogen Metabolism 322
Chapter 15 Citric Acid Cycle 346
Chapter 16 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation 373
Chapter 17 Photosynthesis 400
Chapter 18 Lipid Metabolism 430
Chapter 19 Amino Acid Metabolism 458
Chapter 20 Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation 487
Chapter 21 Nucleotide Metabolism 518
Chapter 22 DNA Replication 546
Chapter 23 Repair and Recombination 565
Chapter 24 Transcription and RNA Processing 576
Chapter 25 Protein Synthesis 602
Chapter 26 Regulation of Gene Expression 627
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Chemistry of Life
Matching
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
A) phylogenetic
B) negative
C) H2O
D) H°
E) H – TS
F) halobacteria
G) open
H) entropy
I) flux
J) polymers
K) G°
L) thermophiles
M) nitrogen
N positive
1. The most abundant molecule in the human body is _____.
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
2. During chemical evolution, small organic molecules condense to form more complex
molecules called ______.
Answer: J
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.B The Origin of Life
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
3. Evolutionary relationships can be visualized using a ______ tree.
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cell architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
4. The organisms most likely to be found in a brine environment would be ______.
Answer: F
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cell architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
5. The organisms most likely to be found in high temperature environments would be ______.
Ans: L
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cell architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
6. The term used to indicate the degree of randomness within a system is ______.
Ans: H
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.B Thermodynamics
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
7. Spontaneous processes are characterized by a change in Gibbs free energy that is ______.
Ans: B
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.B Thermodynamics
8. Gibbs free energy is defined as G = ______.
Ans: E
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3C Thermodynamics
9. The symbol for free energy under standard biochemical conditions is ______.
Ans: K
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.B Thermodynamics
10. Living creatures can be described thermodynamically as ______ systems.
Ans: G
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.3 Distinguish the first and second laws of thermodynamics
Section Reference: 1.3.E Thermodynamics
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Multiple Choice
11. What are the four most abundant elements in a human body?
A) C, N, O, H
B) C, N, O, P
C) C, S, O, H
D) C, Na, O, H
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
12. The atmosphere of prebiotic earth probably contained the following molecules:
A) H2O, CO2, N2 , CH4, and NH3.
B) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H12O6, and NH3.
C) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H12O6, and COO-CH2NH+3.
D) H2O, CO2, CH4, COOHCH2NH3, and NH3.
Answer: A
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
13. In 1953, Urey and Miller carried out an experiment in which they subjected a mixture of
H2O, CH4, NH3, and H2 to electrical discharges. Which of the following were among the
products?
A) proteins
B) amino acids
C) nucleic acids
D) ribosomes
Answer: B
Difficulty: Easy
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
14. Which of the following statements about hydrothermal vents is true?
A) The vents have temperatures as high as 1000oC and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
B) The vents have temperatures as high as 800°C and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
C) The vents have temperatures as high as 600°C and emit H2S and metal nitrates.
D) The vents have temperatures as high as 400°C and emit H2S and metal sulfides.
Answer: D
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
For questions 15-18, consider the structure of the coenzyme NADP.
O
B
O NH 2
O P O N
A H
O
H
O
H H
OH OH NH2
O P O
N
C
N
O
N N
H
O
H
D
H H
OH O
E
O P O
O
15. Which arrow points at a phosphate ester bond?
A) A
B) B
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
C) D
D) E
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
16. Which arrow points at an amide bond?
A) B
B) C
C) D
D) E
Answer: B A
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
17. Which arrow points at an anhydride bond?
A) A
B) B
C) D
D) E
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Learning Objective: LO 1.1 Discuss the origins and evolution of biological molecules
Section Reference: 1.1.A The Origin of Life
18. Which of the following developed during the evolution of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic
cells?
A) DNA
B) the cell membrane
C) nuclear membranes
D) ribosomes
______________________________________________________________________________________________
6|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
19. Using phylogeny, all living organisms can be divided into the following domains:
A) bacteria, eukarya, and vertebrate
B) archaea and eukarya
C) bacteria, eukarya, and archaea
D) eukarya and bacteria
Answer: C
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Analyze
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.C Cellular Architecture
20. The theory of evolution includes which of the following principles?
A) Evolution is not directed toward a specific goal.
B) Evolution is ongoing, and is constrained by its past.
C) Evolution does not require variation among individuals for adaptation to occur.
D) A and B
Answer: D
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Understand
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.D Cellular Architecture
21. Which three cellular components are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A) ribosomes, chloroplasts, mitochondria
B) nucleus, ribosomes, RNA
C) RNA, DNA, ribosomes
D) mitochondria, DNA, RNA
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7|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Fundamentals of Biochemistry, 6th Edition (Voet, 2024)
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
22. The bulk of aerobic metabolism in eukaryotic cells takes place in
A) the endoplasmic reticulum
B) the nucleus
C) the mitochondria
D) peroxisomes
Answer: C
Difficulty: Easy
Bloom’s: Remember
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
23. Which cellular compartment or organelle is involved in the synthesis of cellular components
such as proteins and lipids?
A) endoplasmic reticulum
B) lysosomes
C) peroxisomes
D) vacuoles
Answer: A
Difficulty: Moderate
Bloom’s: Apply
Learning Objective: LO 1.2 Explain how important features of cellular architecture relate to the
structure and function of cells
Section Reference: 1.2.B Cellular Architecture
24. Which of the following is a similarity between all prokaryotes and all eukaryotes?
A) Both contain DNA in a nucleus.
B) Both contain some of the same membrane bound cell organelles (like mitochondria, Golgi
complexes, etc.).
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8|Page
