NP235 UNIT 2 DIAGNOSTIC TEST WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NP235 UNIT 2 DIAGNOSTIC TEST WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A nuclear imaging examination is a bone scan. used when a patient experi ences unexplained skeletal pain, a bone infection, or a bone injury that is not vi sible on a standard X-ray. Fractures can be diagnosed through a bone scan. Rheumatism Bone disease known as Paget's disease Bone cancer Cancer that has metastasized to the bone from an alternative location Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bones, joints, or joint replacem ents. Avascular necrosis, which is the result of a compromised blood supply to bones or the demise of bone tissue, ANSWER: A bone scan detects changes in the metabolic activity of bone. -use radiopharmaceuticals to label the blood of patients Tracers will be administered into a vein in the patient's arm. The duration of time between the injection and the scan is contingent upon the physician's rat ionale for ordering the scan. Some images may be captured immediately following the injection; however, the primary images are captured two to four hours later to enable the tracer to circulate and be absorbed by the bones. Nursing Consequences of Bone Scan - ANSWER: Consider allergies and pregnancy. The patient will be requested to remain in a state of quietness for a period o f 30- 60 minutes during the scanning process. The area to be surveyed must be free of all metal. Assure the patient that she will not be "radioactive." The body eliminates the isotope within 6-24 hours. Brain Scan (Radionuclide Imaging) - ANSWER utilized to identify an intracranial mass, including a tumor, abscess, hematoma, or aneurysm. A radioisotope is administered intravenously. The isotope is typically absorbed by abnormal tissue a t a higher rate than by normal tissue. A scintillation scanner is employed to image the brain after a 1- to 3-hour absorption period. Test duration is 30 minutes to one hour. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - ANSWER The use of radio waves and magnetic fields to generate high-quality two- or three-dimension al images of brain structures without the use of ionizing radiation (X-rays) or radioactive t racers. What is a CAT scan? - ANSWER A device that enables X-ray beams to fixate on an object at varying angles. Nursing Implications: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - ANSWER The patien t will be seated or lying on a table. The scanner generates buzzing sounds. The patient and others are not at risk due to the extremely low level of radioactivity. The patient will be required to remain seated or lying down during the examination process. In order to prevent the thyroid and sublingual glands from absorbing the radioactive element, a medication may be administered the night prior. There is no restriction on food or fluid intake, and there is no requirement fo r special postoperative care. The purpose of a PET scan is to evaluate the extent of brain tissue injury and cell death. Radioactive material is administered, which results in varying sh ades of color in regions of cellular activity. PET scan Nursing Implications - ANSWER The procedure necessitates a notarized consent form. Inform the patient that two intravenous lines will be inserted. Prior to the examination, the patient is advised to refrain from consuming tranquilizers or sedatives. Request that the patient purge their bladder prior to the examination. The patient may be required to engage in a variety of activities during the examination. A ventilation scan - ANSWER examines the manner in which air enters and exits the lungs. Radioactive gas is inhaled and, upon scanning, exhibits a v entilation pattern in the lungs. Specifically, it examines the movement of air through t he