Transaction Processing and Enterprise Resource
Planning Systems
What is transaction processing? - ANS-A style of computing, typically performed by a large
server of computers that supports interactive applications
What are the objectives of transaction processing systems? - ANS-1. Carrying out the day to
day transactions
2. Collecting, capturing, processing, editing, updating, storing data and generating required
reports which could help in making timely decisions
3. Supplying the necessary information to the organisation which could enable proper
functioning of a business
4. Supplying the necessary information to the organisation which would enable proper
functioning of the business
5. Supplying data to other information systems
Characteristics of a transaction (ACID) - ANS-1. Atomicity - All-or-nothing: A transaction is
treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. Either all its operations are successfully completed
and the changes are applied to the database or none of the changes are applied. There is no
partial execution or partial commitment
2. Consistency - Preservation of database invariants: Execution of transaction brings the
database from one consistent state to another. If a transaction violates any integrity constraints,
the entire transaction is rolled back
3. Isolation - Concurrency control: Each transaction is executed in isolation from other
transactions, meaning the intermediate states of a transaction are not visible to other
transactions until it is committed
4. Durability - Permanent Changes: Once a transaction is committed, its effects on the database
are permanent. Changes made by the transaction are durable and survive system failures such
as power outages or crashes. Durability is typically achieved through mechanisms like
transaction logging and database backups
5. Rapid Processing - Ensure availability of data to all parties that require it speedily
6. Reliability of processing - Transactions processed by TPS must be accurate and reliable at all
times
7. Transactions must be executed in a standard manner at all times for efficiency
8. Controlled Access - Ensure that only relevant and authorised parties can access data
appropriate to them
What are TPS designs based on? - ANS-1. Execution details of the transactions
2. Data content and format
3. Rules and policies
Planning Systems
What is transaction processing? - ANS-A style of computing, typically performed by a large
server of computers that supports interactive applications
What are the objectives of transaction processing systems? - ANS-1. Carrying out the day to
day transactions
2. Collecting, capturing, processing, editing, updating, storing data and generating required
reports which could help in making timely decisions
3. Supplying the necessary information to the organisation which could enable proper
functioning of a business
4. Supplying the necessary information to the organisation which would enable proper
functioning of the business
5. Supplying data to other information systems
Characteristics of a transaction (ACID) - ANS-1. Atomicity - All-or-nothing: A transaction is
treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. Either all its operations are successfully completed
and the changes are applied to the database or none of the changes are applied. There is no
partial execution or partial commitment
2. Consistency - Preservation of database invariants: Execution of transaction brings the
database from one consistent state to another. If a transaction violates any integrity constraints,
the entire transaction is rolled back
3. Isolation - Concurrency control: Each transaction is executed in isolation from other
transactions, meaning the intermediate states of a transaction are not visible to other
transactions until it is committed
4. Durability - Permanent Changes: Once a transaction is committed, its effects on the database
are permanent. Changes made by the transaction are durable and survive system failures such
as power outages or crashes. Durability is typically achieved through mechanisms like
transaction logging and database backups
5. Rapid Processing - Ensure availability of data to all parties that require it speedily
6. Reliability of processing - Transactions processed by TPS must be accurate and reliable at all
times
7. Transactions must be executed in a standard manner at all times for efficiency
8. Controlled Access - Ensure that only relevant and authorised parties can access data
appropriate to them
What are TPS designs based on? - ANS-1. Execution details of the transactions
2. Data content and format
3. Rules and policies
