Milady Cosmetology State Board Review Already Graded A+
1. What are bacteria?
Answer: One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics, some of which are
harmless and others that are harmful.
2. What is direct transmission?
Answer: The transmission of blood or body fluids through direct contact, including touching, kissing,
coughing, sneezing, and talking.
3. What is indirect transmission?
Answer: The transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated
object, such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or environmental surface.
4. What is infection?
Answer: The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.
5. What is the term for disease-producing organisms?
Answer: Germs.
6. What is a microorganism?
Answer: Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size.
7. What are parasites?
, Answer: Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (the host), contributing
nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites require a host to survive.
8. What are toxins?
Answer: Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).
9. What is a virus?
Answer: A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms,
capable of replication only through taking over the host cell's reproductive function.
10. What are the different shapes of bacteria?
Answer: Bacteria can be round (cocci), clustered like bunches of grapes (staphylococci), arranged in
curved lines like strings of beads (streptococci), spherical and growing in pairs (diplococci), short rod-
shaped (bacilli), or spiral or corkscrew-shaped (spirilla).
11. What are the two stages of bacterial growth?
Answer: Bacteria grow and reproduce in warm, damp, or dirty places during the active stage, while they
form spores and coat themselves with wax-like outer shells to withstand famine, dryness, and
unsuitable temperatures during the inactive or spore-forming stage.
12. What is MRSA?
Answer: MRSA occurs in individuals with weakened immune systems or those who have undergone
medical procedures, characterized by signs such as pimples, rashes, and boils.
13. What are quaternary ammonium compounds (quats)?
1. What are bacteria?
Answer: One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics, some of which are
harmless and others that are harmful.
2. What is direct transmission?
Answer: The transmission of blood or body fluids through direct contact, including touching, kissing,
coughing, sneezing, and talking.
3. What is indirect transmission?
Answer: The transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated
object, such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or environmental surface.
4. What is infection?
Answer: The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.
5. What is the term for disease-producing organisms?
Answer: Germs.
6. What is a microorganism?
Answer: Any organism of microscopic to submicroscopic size.
7. What are parasites?
, Answer: Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (the host), contributing
nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites require a host to survive.
8. What are toxins?
Answer: Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).
9. What is a virus?
Answer: A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms,
capable of replication only through taking over the host cell's reproductive function.
10. What are the different shapes of bacteria?
Answer: Bacteria can be round (cocci), clustered like bunches of grapes (staphylococci), arranged in
curved lines like strings of beads (streptococci), spherical and growing in pairs (diplococci), short rod-
shaped (bacilli), or spiral or corkscrew-shaped (spirilla).
11. What are the two stages of bacterial growth?
Answer: Bacteria grow and reproduce in warm, damp, or dirty places during the active stage, while they
form spores and coat themselves with wax-like outer shells to withstand famine, dryness, and
unsuitable temperatures during the inactive or spore-forming stage.
12. What is MRSA?
Answer: MRSA occurs in individuals with weakened immune systems or those who have undergone
medical procedures, characterized by signs such as pimples, rashes, and boils.
13. What are quaternary ammonium compounds (quats)?
