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Samenvatting Zuur-base eigenschappen zouten

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Industrieel ingenieur Universiteit Gent 1e jaar bachelor Algemene Chemie (6 studiepunten) Tabel overzicht zouten -- zuur of base? Handig voor elke richting met chemie

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ZUUR-BASE EIGENSCHAPPEN VAN ZOUTEN
Ion met invloed Gevolg
Zout gevormd door pH Berekening pH Voorbeeld Kwalitatief Hydrolyse
op pH hydrolyse
Geen (eigen
evenwichtstoestan
Sterk zuur + sterke base =7 Neutraal zout Geen
d van water wordt
niet beïnvloed


Sterk zuur + zwakke base Zuur kation <7 Zwak zuur Zuur zout Kation Kh = Kz



Zwak zuur + sterke base Basisch anion >7 Zwakke base Basisch zout Anion Kh = Kb


Kation: Kh = Kb
<7 als Ka,kation > Kb,anion Hangt af van
Anion: Kh = Kz
Zwak zuur + zwakke base Kation/anion >7 als Ka,kation < Kb,anion sterkte zuur- Anion + kation
Totaal: tegen
=7 als Ka,kation = Kb,anion base
elkaar afwegen

Klein sterk geladen
Zuur gehydrateerd
metaalion + anion van <7 Zwak zuur
kation
sterk zuur


Zouten waarvan anion meerdere H+ kan opnemen  meerstapshydrolyse
Zure zouten = amfolieten: ioniseren in waterige oplossing met vorming van anionen die in water zowel zuur als basisch hydrolyseren
1
 pH = (pKa + pKa’)
2

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