COMSAE Cramming – Questions & Complete Answers Most exotoxins are heat (labile/stabile) Correct Ans - Labile
Which exotoxins are heat stabile? Correct Ans - S. aureus and B. cerus (enterotoxin, food poisoning, no antibiotic treatment)
Neisseria meningitis is a gram ___ _____ Correct Ans - negative diplococci, obligate intracellular
Bacteroides fragilis is a gram _____ strict ____ and causes _____ Correct Ans -
Gram negative strict anaerobe and causes pelvic or bowl abscess. Tx: metronidazole or clindamycin + surgical drainage
Culture Media: Gonorrhea Correct Ans - Thayer-Martin (chocolate)
H. influenza Correct Ans - Chocolate
C. diphtheria Correct Ans - Loffler's + Tellurite
Bordetella pertussis Correct Ans - Bordet-Gengou (Potato extract)
M. tuberculosis Correct Ans - Loweenstein-Jensen agat
Legionella Correct Ans - Charcoal yeast extract agar
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Correct Ans - Eaton's agar (provides sterols)
Fungi Correct Ans - Sabouraud's agar (contains peptides)
E. Coli Correct Ans - EMB - eosin - methylene blue green metallic colonies
Lactose fermenting bacteria (enterobacter, klebsellia) Correct Ans - MacConkey's (decreased pH produces pink colonies)
Strep Pneumoniae is a gram ___, ______ shaped, _______ with a ______ Correct Ans - Gram positive, lancet-shaped, diplococci with a capsule
Causes adult bacterial meningitis and community acquired PNA Secretes IgA proteases
Optochin-sensitive
Alpha hemolytic
Virulence factor - capsule
Cat scratch organism Correct Ans - Bartonella, treat with azithro, DO NOT ASPIRATE
Cat bite organism Correct Ans - Paseurella
Cat Poop Correct Ans - Toxo gondii
Most common bacterial STD in US? Correct Ans - Chlamydia
Rose spots on belly, constipation and diarrhea, gram negative motile bacteria with FLAGELLA and lactose non-fermenter (produces sulfide) .... what is it? Correct Ans - Salmonella typhoid/typhoid fever
Treat with ceftriaxone
Treat carriers with cipro or ampicillin
Resists phagocytosis via Vi polysaccharide
Rickettsia treatment for over 8yo Correct Ans - Doxycycline
Rickettsia treatment when pregnant Correct Ans - Chloramphenicol
Rickettsia treatment under 8 yo Correct Ans - Amoxicillin
Rash on palm and soles which spreads to trunk, meningoencephalitis, renal failure - related to dog tick (dermacentor) Correct Ans - Rickettsia rickettssii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
Endemic typhus, spread by body louse, rash on trunk that spreads peripherally, maculopapular petechiae, common in homeless Correct Ans - Rickettsia prowazekii
Endemic typhus (murine typhus), fleas on rats, discrete rash after six days Correct Ans - Ricketssia typhi Q fever, a type of rickettsia, seen in cattle farmers, severe onset fever and dry cough but NO RASH Correct Ans - Coxiella burnetii
Thumb print sign, drooling in child, sniffing position = Correct Ans - epiglottis
Reactive arthritis associated with urethritis, cervicitis, and conjunctivitis (most commonly chlamydia or shigella related) Correct Ans - Reiter's Syndrome
Infection localized to lymphatic tissues, presents as cervical lyphadenitis in children, cured by excision and chemotherapy Correct Ans - Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
Treatment for non-healing skin ulcer on hands following trauma in a patient who works around fish/fish tanks Correct Ans - Fishtank granulomoa, mycobacterium marinum, treat with rifampin and ethambutol
Broad based budding yeast (in tissue) and hyphae with conida (in environment) Correct Ans - Bloastomycosis, causes bone skin and pulmonary disease, common in midwest, treat with Amphotericin B
Fungal ball which fills lung cavity, severe hemoptosis Correct Ans - Aspergillis aspergilloma remove the ball
Ampho B side effects Correct Ans - PROLONGED QT (vtach or vfib), nephrotoxic, hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia
Ketoconazole side effects Correct Ans - Gynecomastia, impotence, decreased sperm
Flucytosine side effects Correct Ans - Bone marrow suppression
Terbafine side effects Correct Ans - GI symptoms, reversible agranulocytosis (check liver fxn)
Griseofulvin Side Effects Correct Ans - Headache, nausea, vertigo, confusion, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, disulfuram-like reaction with alcohol (this is also seen in metronidazole)
Which exotoxins are heat stabile? Correct Ans - S. aureus and B. cerus (enterotoxin, food poisoning, no antibiotic treatment)
Neisseria meningitis is a gram ___ _____ Correct Ans - negative diplococci, obligate intracellular
Bacteroides fragilis is a gram _____ strict ____ and causes _____ Correct Ans -
Gram negative strict anaerobe and causes pelvic or bowl abscess. Tx: metronidazole or clindamycin + surgical drainage
Culture Media: Gonorrhea Correct Ans - Thayer-Martin (chocolate)
H. influenza Correct Ans - Chocolate
C. diphtheria Correct Ans - Loffler's + Tellurite
Bordetella pertussis Correct Ans - Bordet-Gengou (Potato extract)
M. tuberculosis Correct Ans - Loweenstein-Jensen agat
Legionella Correct Ans - Charcoal yeast extract agar
Mycoplasma pneumoniae Correct Ans - Eaton's agar (provides sterols)
Fungi Correct Ans - Sabouraud's agar (contains peptides)
E. Coli Correct Ans - EMB - eosin - methylene blue green metallic colonies
Lactose fermenting bacteria (enterobacter, klebsellia) Correct Ans - MacConkey's (decreased pH produces pink colonies)
Strep Pneumoniae is a gram ___, ______ shaped, _______ with a ______ Correct Ans - Gram positive, lancet-shaped, diplococci with a capsule
Causes adult bacterial meningitis and community acquired PNA Secretes IgA proteases
Optochin-sensitive
Alpha hemolytic
Virulence factor - capsule
Cat scratch organism Correct Ans - Bartonella, treat with azithro, DO NOT ASPIRATE
Cat bite organism Correct Ans - Paseurella
Cat Poop Correct Ans - Toxo gondii
Most common bacterial STD in US? Correct Ans - Chlamydia
Rose spots on belly, constipation and diarrhea, gram negative motile bacteria with FLAGELLA and lactose non-fermenter (produces sulfide) .... what is it? Correct Ans - Salmonella typhoid/typhoid fever
Treat with ceftriaxone
Treat carriers with cipro or ampicillin
Resists phagocytosis via Vi polysaccharide
Rickettsia treatment for over 8yo Correct Ans - Doxycycline
Rickettsia treatment when pregnant Correct Ans - Chloramphenicol
Rickettsia treatment under 8 yo Correct Ans - Amoxicillin
Rash on palm and soles which spreads to trunk, meningoencephalitis, renal failure - related to dog tick (dermacentor) Correct Ans - Rickettsia rickettssii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
Endemic typhus, spread by body louse, rash on trunk that spreads peripherally, maculopapular petechiae, common in homeless Correct Ans - Rickettsia prowazekii
Endemic typhus (murine typhus), fleas on rats, discrete rash after six days Correct Ans - Ricketssia typhi Q fever, a type of rickettsia, seen in cattle farmers, severe onset fever and dry cough but NO RASH Correct Ans - Coxiella burnetii
Thumb print sign, drooling in child, sniffing position = Correct Ans - epiglottis
Reactive arthritis associated with urethritis, cervicitis, and conjunctivitis (most commonly chlamydia or shigella related) Correct Ans - Reiter's Syndrome
Infection localized to lymphatic tissues, presents as cervical lyphadenitis in children, cured by excision and chemotherapy Correct Ans - Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
Treatment for non-healing skin ulcer on hands following trauma in a patient who works around fish/fish tanks Correct Ans - Fishtank granulomoa, mycobacterium marinum, treat with rifampin and ethambutol
Broad based budding yeast (in tissue) and hyphae with conida (in environment) Correct Ans - Bloastomycosis, causes bone skin and pulmonary disease, common in midwest, treat with Amphotericin B
Fungal ball which fills lung cavity, severe hemoptosis Correct Ans - Aspergillis aspergilloma remove the ball
Ampho B side effects Correct Ans - PROLONGED QT (vtach or vfib), nephrotoxic, hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia
Ketoconazole side effects Correct Ans - Gynecomastia, impotence, decreased sperm
Flucytosine side effects Correct Ans - Bone marrow suppression
Terbafine side effects Correct Ans - GI symptoms, reversible agranulocytosis (check liver fxn)
Griseofulvin Side Effects Correct Ans - Headache, nausea, vertigo, confusion, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, disulfuram-like reaction with alcohol (this is also seen in metronidazole)
