NBDHE – Periodontology Complete Guide
Periodontology is defined as the study focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases
that affect the periodontium.
The tissues of the periodontium include:
1. Periodontal ligament
2. Gingiva
3. Cementum
4. Alveolar bone
The Periodontal Ligament (PDL) is a complex of connective tissue consisting of fiber bundles and cells.
Functions of the Periodontal Ligament (PDL) include:
1. Anchoring teeth to the bone.
2. Transmitting occlusal forces to the bone and absorbing impacts.
3. Supplying nutrients to the periodontal structures.
,4. Serving sensory functions such as touch, pressure, and pain perception.5. Acts as a shock absorber for
the teeth, nerves and blood vessels
(All PDL fibers attach to the tooth's cementum
What are Sharpey's fibers? ✔️fibers bundles that are attached and embedded in cementum and bone
What are Transseptal Fibers? ✔️1. "Interdental ligament"
2. Extend interproximally over the alveolar crest
3. Hold teeth in interpromixal contact with each other
What are the gingival fibers? ✔️Group of fibers that encircle the tooth, helping to maintain gingival
integrity
What are Alveolar crest fibers? ✔️Located apical to the junctional epithelium
Resists tilting and horizontal forces
,What are Horizontal fibers? ✔️resist horizontal and tilting forces
What are Apical fibers? ✔️1. Extend from apical area of the tooth to base of the tooth socket.
2. Resist "extrusive" forces
3. Prevents the tooth from being lifted out of the bony socket
What are oblique fibers? ✔️MOST NUMEROUS FIBER, resists " intrusive" or "vertical" masticatory
forces, prevents tooth from jamming into socket
What are Interradicular fibers? ✔️1. Found ONLY in multi-rooted teeth
2. Located in tooth furcations
3. Stabilizes tooth root
What are the 5 cells of the PDL? ✔️1. Fibroblasts
2. Osteoblasts
, 3. Osteoclasts
4. Cementoblasts
5. Cementoclasts
What are Fibroblasts? ✔️1. Most common cell of PDL: Collagen synthesis and fiber production
2. Primary cell of the PDL
What is the function of Osteoblasts? ✔️Production of bone
What is the function of OSteoclasts? ✔️Resorption (break down ) of bone
What is the function of Cementoblasts? ✔️Production of cementum
What is the function of Cementoclasts? ✔️Resorption (break down) of cementum
Periodontology is defined as the study focused on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases
that affect the periodontium.
The tissues of the periodontium include:
1. Periodontal ligament
2. Gingiva
3. Cementum
4. Alveolar bone
The Periodontal Ligament (PDL) is a complex of connective tissue consisting of fiber bundles and cells.
Functions of the Periodontal Ligament (PDL) include:
1. Anchoring teeth to the bone.
2. Transmitting occlusal forces to the bone and absorbing impacts.
3. Supplying nutrients to the periodontal structures.
,4. Serving sensory functions such as touch, pressure, and pain perception.5. Acts as a shock absorber for
the teeth, nerves and blood vessels
(All PDL fibers attach to the tooth's cementum
What are Sharpey's fibers? ✔️fibers bundles that are attached and embedded in cementum and bone
What are Transseptal Fibers? ✔️1. "Interdental ligament"
2. Extend interproximally over the alveolar crest
3. Hold teeth in interpromixal contact with each other
What are the gingival fibers? ✔️Group of fibers that encircle the tooth, helping to maintain gingival
integrity
What are Alveolar crest fibers? ✔️Located apical to the junctional epithelium
Resists tilting and horizontal forces
,What are Horizontal fibers? ✔️resist horizontal and tilting forces
What are Apical fibers? ✔️1. Extend from apical area of the tooth to base of the tooth socket.
2. Resist "extrusive" forces
3. Prevents the tooth from being lifted out of the bony socket
What are oblique fibers? ✔️MOST NUMEROUS FIBER, resists " intrusive" or "vertical" masticatory
forces, prevents tooth from jamming into socket
What are Interradicular fibers? ✔️1. Found ONLY in multi-rooted teeth
2. Located in tooth furcations
3. Stabilizes tooth root
What are the 5 cells of the PDL? ✔️1. Fibroblasts
2. Osteoblasts
, 3. Osteoclasts
4. Cementoblasts
5. Cementoclasts
What are Fibroblasts? ✔️1. Most common cell of PDL: Collagen synthesis and fiber production
2. Primary cell of the PDL
What is the function of Osteoblasts? ✔️Production of bone
What is the function of OSteoclasts? ✔️Resorption (break down ) of bone
What is the function of Cementoblasts? ✔️Production of cementum
What is the function of Cementoclasts? ✔️Resorption (break down) of cementum
