LING 1010 UCONN Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions Rated A+

Allophones are: - a. different realizations of a morpheme b. speech sounds that are contrastive because they can be used to form minimal pairs c. Different realizations of a phoneme C Morphemes are stored in: - a. the phonological component b. the mental lexicon c. the syntactic component B Which correlation makes no sense? - a. Affixes are category-makers projection requirement b. Affixes are category-makers insertion (or subcategorization) requirement c. Affixes are category-takers insertioin (or subcategorization) requirement B Semiotics is the study of: - a. The meaning of words b. Sound aspects of language c. Sign systems C Which view on how people come to possess a mental grammar is most likely correct? - a. This language module is partly innate and developed more fully based on language input b. This language module is fully innate and does not need input from the environment c. This language module develops entirely through learning based on the speech of caretakers AIn phonology we analyze words into: - a. Morphemes b. Meaningful units c. Meaningless units C How would you characterize the views of Chomsky about language? - a. Language acquisition is possible because of an innate mental system, the Universal Grammar b. The differences between languages are dependent on differences between cultures and how they are used c. All languages are fully innate; children do not need to learn anything A The Projection Requirement says that: - a. The label of a phoneme is identical to the label of its head b. Affixes must be specified with respect to their position vis-a-vis c. The label of a complex word is identical to the label of its head C Which of the following statements describes "Plato's problem" with language acquisition? - a. How is it possible that children produce very rich output, even when input is so poor? b. How is it possible that children produce very poor output, even when input is so rich? c. How is it possible that human beings are able to learn words to abstract concepts? A Which of the following persons is NOT a rationalist? - a. Plato b. Aristotle c. Rene Descartes BThe notion of "second Darwinian revolution" refers to: - a. The evolutionary development of multi-cellular organisms b. The evolutionary development of the mind c. Creationism B Which of the following statements about "Williams syndrome" is FALSE? - a. People who have Williams syndrome use grammatically correct sentences b. People who have Williams syndrome have a low IQ comparable to people with Down syndrome c. Williams syndrome causes people to be totally incapable of using language C Which of the following is NOT a unique feature of humans (in comparison with other animal species)? - a. Religion b. Toolmaking c. Science B Which of the following is the appropriate rule for the complex word symbolize? - a. V0--> N0 V-1 b. V0 --> N-1 V-1 c. N0 --> N0 V-1 A Which word pairs do NOT go together in the sense that they refer to the same thing in the context of out course: - a. Nature genes b. Nurture environment c. Empiricism innateness C Which of the following is NOT a property of modules according to Fodor? - a. Automaticityb. Interacting with other modules c. Domain-specificity B The word redable is complex. What is the general name for the formation process that is involved here? - a. Compounding b. Derivation c. Inflection B What is a prescriptive grammar? - a. A grammar that analyzes the language system that is shared by a speech community b. A grammar that states precise rules that people of a particular speech community should use when they speak c. A grammar that offers a complete documentation of a language that recently was entirely unknown B Cognitive science research distinguished three levels of analysis: - a. The parallel, serial, and connectionist level b. The phonological, morphological, and semantic level c. The computational, algorithmic, and implementation level C Which of the following is an example of a bound morpheme? - a. un b. do c. cat A The correctness of phonotactic constraints that hold for a given language can be established by using two methods. Which of the following three is NOT such a method? - a. Establishing what the phonemes are in that languageb. Study the manner in which loan words are adapted in that language c. Judgement of people who are native speakers of that language A A word has three dimensions, namely: - a. A lexical, a categorical and a syntactic dimension b. A phonological, a morphological, and a semantic dimension c. A phonological, a morphological and a syntactic dimension B The affixes that are found in happiness, boyish, and joyful are: - a. Suffixes b. Infixes c. Prefixes A If there is a relationship of "resemblance" between form and meaning we call a word: - a. An icon b. A sign c. A symbol A Which of the following word categories are open classes? - a. Adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions b. Nouns, verbs, adjectives c. Articles/determiners, Auxiliary verbs, prepositions B Which process is most likely to rely on an innate module? - a. Driving a car b. Reading a book c. Visual perception CThe idea of modularity is a scientific hypothesis stating that: - a. Each cognitive capacity can be studied at three levels b. The human mind consists of autonomous parts corresponding to particular cognitive domains c. The human language capacity is innate B The following is NOT allowed in a well-formed tree structure: - a. A node is the daughter of two mothers b. Two units are merged that are themselves already the result of merge c. There are multiple intermediate nodes in between a terminal node and root node A Which of the following is NOT true regarding behaviorism? - a. It proposes that language can be acquired through trial and error learning b. It is a form of idealism c. It is a form of materialism B The property of recursion shows up in morphology and syntax. Which of the following statements is correct? - a. Recursion allows the formation of an unlimited number of words and sentences b. Recursion only allows the combination of two primitives at a time to form a larger unit c. Recursion allows creating tree diagrams with only two layers A In connection with properties of modules, visual illusions illustrate: - a. Speed b. Innateness c. informational encapsulation CThe main idea of Evolutionary Psychology is that: - a. The mind of modern humans is like a blank slate (tabula rosa) b. The mind of modern humans was shaped by Darwinian, evolutionary principles c. The mind of modern humans develops from birth in response to the environmental conditions B The so-called "Swiss army knife" conception of the human mind refers to the fact that: - a. The human mind is razor sharp and more developed than the minds of other animals b. The mind has developed toward aggressive behavior c. The mind is divided into a number of modules, each with a specialized task C Phrenologists fell into disrepute because of their belief that: - a. Mental abilities are located in different place in the brain in different people b. All people have identical brain designs c. The degree of development of a person's mental abilities can be established by examining the exterior of his or her skull C Which of these statements would be made by a hard core empiricist? - a. The mind at birth is a blank slate b. Knowledge comes from a combination of nature and nurture c. All knowledge is innate A Which of the following statements is true of the terms Nature or Nurture (in the context of the Nature/Nurture debate) - a. Nature refers to properties that are due to genes b. Nurture refers specifically to the things that developing children eat c. Nature refers to what developing children experience around them in the outdoors environment in which they grow up AWhich property does the head unit (in combination of two units) project to the mother node? - a. Its phoneme sequence b. Its category label c. Its meaning B An intransitive verb is: - a. A verb that doesn't take a complement b. A verb that takes a complement c. A verb that doesn't take a specifier A The system of constraints that state which phoneme combinations are permitted in a given language (blick is possible, but bnick is not in English) is: - a. The repair system b. The allophonic system c. The phonotactic system C A phrase may consist of one or more words. Which element is present in every phrase? - a. The Head b. The Complement c. The Specifier A