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Samenvatting dierfysiologie deeltentamen 1

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Samenvatting dierfysiologie deeltentamen 1

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Uploaded on
July 6, 2024
Number of pages
14
Written in
2022/2023
Type
Summary

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Dierfysiologie deeltentamen 1

H14




Vis
- Bulbus/cornus arteriosus
- ventraal aorta
- Bloeddruk lager maar geen zwaartekracht
Amphibie
- Ook sinus venosus & conus arteriosus
- Spierwand bepaald richting bloed
Krokodillen
- Foramen van pinazza
Reptiellen
- Hart vergroot
Hart anatomie
- RA: inferior & superior vena cava
- Aorta —> truncus brachiocephalicus & arteria catois
- Pulmonaire arterien & venen
- Leverpoort ader
- Verteringsstelsel —> lever
Druk
- Kleppen & skeletspieren zorgen voor behoud van stroming
- Drukverschil zorgt voor stroom
- Absolute druk maakt niet uit
Energie
- In laminair systeem:
- Stilstaand water —> hydrostatische druk op zijn
omgeving
- Bewegend water —> druk neemt af met afstand
- Door weerstand
—> hydrostatische & kinetische energie & zwaartekracht

Kracht
- Ventrikels die samen trekken
Weerstand
- Bloed neemt laagste weerstand
- Stroom = 1/R
- Weerstand R

, - Radius
- Lengte
- Viscositeit (hematocriet waarde)
- Flowrate: hoeveelheid volume per tijdseenheid
door een punt
- Velocity: hoe snel volume beweegt
- Sneller in smalle buizen
Hartspier
- Pericardium (zak) —> myocardium
- Septum
- Coronaire arterien & venen
- Right coronaire artery —> posterior interventriculair
branch
- Left coronary artery
- —> Circumflex branch (Links naar midden)
- —> Anterior interventriculair branch (LAD)
- Coronary sinus
- —> small cardiac vein
- —> middle cardiac vein
- —> great cardiac vein
Atrioventriculaire (AV) kleppen
- Tricuspidalisklep (rechts)
- Bicuspidalisklep (links)
- Chordae tendineae (peesdraden) verbonden aan papillaire
spieren (alleen stabiliteit)
Semilunaire kleppen
- Komvorming, niet pezig
- Aortaklep (3)
- Longslagader/pulmonarisklep (3)
Hartspier vs skeletspier
- Kleiner
- 1 kern per vezel
- Intercalated disks
- Gap junctions
- Desmosomen
- T-tubuli groter
- SR kleiner
- 1/3 uit mitochondriën
- Gedegradeerde samentrekkingen
- Hangt af van hoeveelheid calcium, geen all or none
- Hoe vaker, hoe meer cross-bridges tussen myosine en actine
Actiepotentiaal
- Langer plateau door calcium
- Ventrikels kunnen vullen met bloed
- Gaat tetanus tegen
- Geen refractie periode of summatie
- Spontaan - instabiel membraan (pacemaker) potentiaal (-60
mV)
- Door funny channels: natrium influx > kalium efflux
1. Funny channels: Na+ influx > K+ efflux
2. Depolarisatie -40 mV: Na+ & Ca2+ influx
- Funny channels sluiten, Ca2+ & Na+ kanalen openen
3. Top 18 mV: Na+ inactief
4. Plateau: Ca2+ influx, K+ efflux
5. Repolarisatie: Ca2+ inactief, K+ efflux
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