Bloid 210 Genetics Final Exam updated questions with 100% correct answers (2024/2025)

Bloid 210 Genetics Final Exam updated questions with 100% correct answers (2024/2025) What are deleterious genes and list one example - ANSWERS alleles whose phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle - short legs Genetics - ANSWERS The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation. Gregor Mendel is often referred to as - ANSWERS "Father of Genetics" What plant did Gregor Mendel study? - ANSWERS peas Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they looking for or at differently) - ANSWERS 1. Picked easy organism to experiment 2. Picked plant that was diploid 3. Picked traits that were simply inherited 4. Mendel looked at traits separately Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples - ANSWERS The betterment of an organism; 1. bigger 2. smaller 3. faster 4. hairless 5. quicker weight gain Who created the term "genetics?' - ANSWERS William Batesone What is a chromosome? - ANSWERS a DNA molecule composed of RNA and proteins to form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis (contains the genes) What is located on a chromosome? - ANSWERS genes What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand? - ANSWERS double helix Define DNA - ANSWERS Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes up a chromosome List the bases that make up DNA - ANSWERS Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine What DNA bases are paired together? - ANSWERS Adenine - Thymine Cytosine - Guanine List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait Cattle - ANSWERS Dominant - polled Recessive - horned List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait Chickens - ANSWERS Dominant - feathered shanks Recessive - clean shanks List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait Horses - ANSWERS Dominant - smooth hair Recessive - curly hair List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait Dogs - ANSWERS Dominant - wire hair Recessive - smooth hair List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait Cats - ANSWERS Dominant - short hair Recessive - long hair List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait Tomato - ANSWERS Dominant - small fruit Recessive - large fruit