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Samenvatting Hoorcolleges Anatomie Bewegingswetenschappen

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Samenvatting van alle 4 de kerncolleges van anatomie

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Hoorcollege 1 - Spiermorfologie

Cerebrale (hersen) parese (verlamming)
symptoom: spasticiteit = spier verkort versneld
primair neurologische oorzaak en verstoorde balans in mate van activiteit van agonist en antagonist
secundair afwijkingen in de ontwikkeling van spieren, gewrichten en bindweefsel, denk aan hele korte spierbuik
en een lange pees.
oplossingen: Spalk, botox of een pees doorsnijden

Van spieractivatie naar spierkracht
● Vrij Ca2+ zorgt ervoor dat myosine en actine verbindingen kunnen maken (cross-bridge coupling)
Een actiepotentiaal verplaatst zich over de zenuw. Dan komt ie bij de motorische eindplaat. Dan
zorgt 1 actiepotentiaal voor calcium uit het SR eruit. Calcium wordt direct weer teruggepompt naar het SR
(twitch reactie), dan weer even gen release calcium. Zodra meerdere actiepotentialen dan calcium telkens uit
SR en weer teruggepompt). Dat gebeurt bij de incomplete tetanus (ze fuseren niet). Zodra de frequentie van
actiepotentialen groter is dan dat het actiepotentiaal calcium kan terugpompen. Dan krijg je tetanus, en actine
kan dan de verbinding maken met myosine, want calcium blijft er in zitten.




Spierkracht wordt bepaald door:
1. Het aantal motor-units (motoreenheden) dat wordt geactiveerd.
2. Het type motor-unit dat wordt geactiveerd (I, IIa, IIx)
3. De activatiefrequentie (zie hierboven)
4. Verkortingssnelheid van de sarcomeren
5. Temperatuur (bij een hogere temperatuur is de kracht groter)
6. Spiermorfologie/-architectuur




Determinanten van lengte-kracht eigenschappen van een spier

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Uploaded on
July 4, 2024
File latest updated on
December 20, 2024
Number of pages
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Written in
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SUMMARY

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