Endocrine conditions investigations and
management
What is primary hypothyroidism - correct answer-Due to Thyroid gland itself usually
autoimmune attack on thyroid gland. High TSH Low T3 T4
What antibodies are associated with hashimotos? - correct answer-Anti TPO and anti TG
antibodies
What is Secondary hypothyroidism - correct answer-Due to pituitary pathology,
hypopitituitarism. Low TSH and low T4 T3.
symptoms of hypothyroidism - correct answer-weight gain, fatigue, slow heart rate and
respiration rate, cold intolerance. Depression, hair loss and course hair.
How to investigate hypothyroidism. - correct answer-Test TSH levels then T4 T3
Management of hypothyroidism - correct answer-Oral levothyroxine which is synthetic
version of T4 which is metabolised to T3
What is graves disease - correct answer-most common cause of thyrotoxicosis.
Hyperthyroidism, autoimmune cause.
Examination findings for graves - correct answer-Brisk reflexes, temor, warm moist skin, lid
lag, lid retraction, proptosis, pretibial myxoedema, tachycardia.
Management for graves - correct answer-Beta blockers (propranolol) to manage symptoms
eg bradycardia, heat intolerance symptoms.
Radioactive iodine first line definitive treatment more effective than antithyroid drugs eg
carbimazole.
Surgery, complete thyroidectomy risk to recurrent laryngeal nerve.
What is Cushings - correct answer-hyper secretion of cortisol, most commonly cause by
pituitary adenoma
In Cushings what is the result of low dose dexamethasone suppression test? - correct
answer-cortisol will not be suppressed but in high dose it will be.
If cortisol is not suppressed in high dose dexamethasone test what does this suggest? -
correct answer-That it is not ACTH dependent cause. Such as adrenal adenoma/carcinoma
much less common than pituitary adenoma (Cushings)
What is Addisons - correct answer-Adrenal insufficiency, low cortisol and low aldersterone
Primary adrenal insufficiency results... - correct answer-High ACTH
management
What is primary hypothyroidism - correct answer-Due to Thyroid gland itself usually
autoimmune attack on thyroid gland. High TSH Low T3 T4
What antibodies are associated with hashimotos? - correct answer-Anti TPO and anti TG
antibodies
What is Secondary hypothyroidism - correct answer-Due to pituitary pathology,
hypopitituitarism. Low TSH and low T4 T3.
symptoms of hypothyroidism - correct answer-weight gain, fatigue, slow heart rate and
respiration rate, cold intolerance. Depression, hair loss and course hair.
How to investigate hypothyroidism. - correct answer-Test TSH levels then T4 T3
Management of hypothyroidism - correct answer-Oral levothyroxine which is synthetic
version of T4 which is metabolised to T3
What is graves disease - correct answer-most common cause of thyrotoxicosis.
Hyperthyroidism, autoimmune cause.
Examination findings for graves - correct answer-Brisk reflexes, temor, warm moist skin, lid
lag, lid retraction, proptosis, pretibial myxoedema, tachycardia.
Management for graves - correct answer-Beta blockers (propranolol) to manage symptoms
eg bradycardia, heat intolerance symptoms.
Radioactive iodine first line definitive treatment more effective than antithyroid drugs eg
carbimazole.
Surgery, complete thyroidectomy risk to recurrent laryngeal nerve.
What is Cushings - correct answer-hyper secretion of cortisol, most commonly cause by
pituitary adenoma
In Cushings what is the result of low dose dexamethasone suppression test? - correct
answer-cortisol will not be suppressed but in high dose it will be.
If cortisol is not suppressed in high dose dexamethasone test what does this suggest? -
correct answer-That it is not ACTH dependent cause. Such as adrenal adenoma/carcinoma
much less common than pituitary adenoma (Cushings)
What is Addisons - correct answer-Adrenal insufficiency, low cortisol and low aldersterone
Primary adrenal insufficiency results... - correct answer-High ACTH
