PSCI 2601 Final Exam Review Carleton University Questions And Answers With Verified Study Solutions Rated A+

Constructivist mode of action focuses on - - actions decided by looking at the appropriateness of them - rules, inst. Legit. morality - social structure of constructivism constitutes actors/identities and interests Liberalism - Liberalism contains a variety of concepts and arguments about how institutions, behaviours and economic connections contain and mitigate the violent power of states. Rationalist mode of action focuses on - - rationalists actions are decided by looking at the consequences their actions would create - using cost benefit calculations - the social structure of rationalists regulates actors and behaviour Realism - Realism is an approach to the study and practice of international politics. It emphasizes the role of the nation-state and makes a broad assumption that all nation-states are motivated by national interests, or, at best, national interests disguised as moral concerns. What are Clausewitz's main contributions to the study of war? - war is the continuation of politics with other means... involving reason (leaders), chance (military), and passion (people) What are key differences between Realist and Liberal approaches to anarchy in IR - What are key differences between Realist and Liberal approaches to the state - ... What are some historical origins of human rights and international human rights? - french declaration of human rights Haitian rev. and constitutionglorious rev. and bill of rights What are some new approaches to development since the 1990's? - Sustainable development human development social development What are the "three images" and the causes of war? - multipolarity - lower conflict intensity vs risk of miscalculation - better for power to be spread out rather than capitalized bipolarity -most stable and least conductive unipolarity -discourages challenges vs risk of imperial overstretch - hegemonic ambitions are faulted in the end What are the different types of feminism and emancipation? - empiricist/liberal feminism constructivist/critical feminism postcolonial feminism What are the different types of human rights? - civil and political rights social, economic, and cultural rights group and collective rights What are the main origins of the UN? - the general assembly security council secretariat trustteeship international court of justiceWhat are the types of international security and IR theory - Realism, Liberalism, constructivism, and feminism What are the waves of feminist theory? - 1st (late19th/ early 20th century) W.I.L.F. (women's international liberation of freedom 2nd (1960-70's) women's liberation, still discriminated as second class within private sphere 3rd (1980's+) intersectionality included feminist activism at UN 4th (2010-)feminist foreign policy; Queer IR theory What do liberals believe about anarchy? - - That it is not an identifying factor of the cause of war - Hegemonies regulate offending states - A fully democratic world would make the consequences of Anarchy to exist What does Democratic peace theory discuss? - It says that democracies don't fight each other but will fight authoritarian governments more democracies would result in more peaceful IR What is anarchy according to realists? - Absence of world government What is class structure in IR? - Class structure revolves around the idea dominant countries exploit/rule subordinate ones just like capitalists exploit/rule the working class What is Constructivist culture of anarchy? - The social structure of int'l and global politics - (a) "Anarchy is what states make of it" i.e. shaped by social relationships among states → self-help, balance of power, power politics, security dilemma are social institutions, not automatic effects of anarchy What is intersectionality? - Beyond one human nature & toward emancipation -Sexual difference-Gender (social construction of sexual difference) -Intersectionality of gender with other identities/social structures (race, class, etc.) -State = gendered actor; -Modern state is built on the exclusion of women from citizenship What is Marxism? - the political and economic theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, later developed by their followers to form the basis for the theory and practice of communism. What is Marxist culture of anarchy? - Beyond (capitalist) anarchy and interdependence: - Capitalist production ("anarchy") + international division of labor ("interdependence") = int'l/global class hierarchy/struggle ("power politics") What is neoliberalism? - Neoliberalism is widely used as a description of the revived form of economic liberalism that became increasingly important in international economic policy discussions from the 1970s onwards. In its dominant international use, neoliberalism refers to a political-economic philosophy that de-emphasizes or rejects government intervention in the domestic economy. It focuses on free-market methods, fewer restrictions on business operations, and property rights. In foreign policy, neoliberalism favors the opening of foreign markets by political means, using economic pressure, diplomacy, and/or military intervention. What is the Bretton Woods System? - A set of global institutions designed to support the development of a liberal international economic order what is the expanded understanding of security? - the expanded understanding of security broadened the concept to include international security along with human security. As well as encompassing other aspects of society that aren't hard power such as economies, the environment and such. What is the lifecycle of norms? - -Violation of norm = proof of the existence of norm; since there is pushback this shows norms of international conduct are still prevalent (consequences) -Rule compliance constructs norms and behaviourWhat is the Marxist concept of hegemony? - material power and institutions combined with consent and coercion create transnational class formation What is the Realist concept of hegemony? - Realist theory defines hegemony as a dominance of one state over several others what is the traditional understanding of security? - Etymology: without care/anxiety/sorrow -protection of core values of referent subject against threats