ATE 1211 Final Exam Questions with Certified Solutions

ATE 1211 Final Exam Questions with Certified Solutions **1. What does the P-wave on an ECG indicate about cardiac activity?** Options: - Represents the start of ventricular systole - Marks the onset of ventricular diastole - Indicates atrial depolarization - Reflects ventricular depolarization atrial depolarization **2. Which physiological event generates the initial heart sound?** Options: - Closure of the AV valves leading to pressure change - Turbulent flow as blood passes through open semilunar valves - Contraction of the ventricular myocardium - Opening of the atrioventricular valves Closure of the AV valves **3. During the contraction phase of the ventricles, what occurs first?** Options: - Closure of the AV valve - Opening of the semilunar valve - Relaxation of the atrium - Contraction of the papillary muscles Closure of the AV valve **4. What term describes the wave of systolic pressure that starts at the heart and travels through the arterial system?** Options: - Heartbeat - Pulse - Blood pressure surge - Cardiac output Pulse **5. Which cardiac structure serves as the natural pacemaker, initiating electrical impulses in the atria?** Options: - SA Node - AV Node - Purkinje fibers - Bundle of His SA Node **6. What are the two primary factors influencing cardiac output?** Options: - Heart rate and vascular resistance - Stroke volume and venous return - Cardiac preload and afterload - Heart rate and stroke volume Heart rate and stroke volume **7. In medical terms, what does "heart murmur" refer to?** Options: - Abnormal heart valve function causing turbulent blood flow - Irregular heartbeats detected on an ECG - Inflammation of the pericardium - Poor circulation due to narrowed