SOLUTIONS 2024/2025
What is the formula for calculating cardiac output? - -CO= HR x SV
What is stroke volume related to? - -preload
Preload is most impacted by..... - -Increased filling volumes
A patient with chronic untreated hypertension would demonstrate.... - -Increased
afterload
Vascular resistance/pressure is most influenced by.... - -Radius of the vessel
The formula for BP is.... - -BP = CO x SVR
What component of a Pulmonary Capillary Wedge pressure indicates Mitral insufficiency -
-V wave
An elevated RVEDP is found in which pathology - -RV infarct
If the RA waveform is 2x the normal value, where would this be demonstrated in the
physical assessment - -JVD
What is the most common cause of Pulmonic stenosis - -Congenital
The Blue proximal part of the swan is located how far from the distal tip of the swan -
-30 cm
,When performing a thermodilution cardiac output, the operator injects 10 cc of saline into
the _____ and the temperature change is measured in the ______ - -RA, PA
Equalization of RVEDP and LVEDP are found in - -restrictive pericarditis
Signs of Right sided heart failure include - -JVD
What is the maximum annual dose of radiation one can receive annually - -5 REM
Lead protection should be at least how many millimeters of lead - -.5
What is the minimum safe distance to position oneself from the X-ray source - -6 feet
In an X-ray tube what is the charge on the cathode and the anode - -Cathode:
positive
Anode: negative
Based on these oxygen saturations, what type of shunt is present? SVC sat= 67% IVC sat=
71% RA sat= 85% RV sat= 85% PA sat= 85% LA sat= 98% LV sat= 98% AO sat= 98% - -
L to R ASD
What type of ASD, located in the middle 1/3 of the atrial septum (the former site of the
fossa ovalis) is called - -Ostium Secundum
What is the Flamm's equation - -3(SVC) + 1(IVC)/4
The formula used to calculate MAP is - -1 (systolic) + 2 (diastolic)/3
Pulsus Paradoxus is a sign of - -Cardiac Tamponade
,What does RAD stand for - -Radiation absorbed dose
What component of the X-ray system converts light rays into images - -Image
intensifier
What are the four anomalies associated with Tetralogy of Fallot - -Pulmonic stenosis,
over riding aorta, RVH, VSD
Which fetal anomaly is characterized by a large VSD over which a large single great vessel
arises - -Truncas Arteriosus
Which view exposes the operator to the greatest amount of radiation - -Lateral
What converts x-rays into an image - -Image Intensifier
Heparin potentiates the action of - -Antithrombin
Fibrinogen is converted to Fibrin by the action of - -Thrombin
The contrast that is best for a patient is - -low osmolality
Radiolucent means - -X-rays are permitted to pass through
Radiopaque means - -X-rays are not permitted to pass through
ReoPro works on - -IIb/IIIa receptors
There are _________ known pathways to imitate the clotting cascade - -2
Aspirin inhibits the action of - -Arachidonic Acid
, Which agent is not an antiplatelet - -Heparin
If a patient has diabetes and renal failure with a creatinine of 2.0 what would you give -
-fluids to hydrate
If a patient is taking NPH insulin, which medication should not be given - -Protamine
Which medication is most commonly given to a patient with SVT - -Adenosine
True/False
The drug of choice for treating coronary spasm is - -NTG
Amiodarone is used to treat - -Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias
What medication is used as a preload and afterload reducer - -NTG
If a patient has a creatinine greater than 1.4 contrast volume should be minimized - -
True
Lidocaine converts from 2GM in 500cc to - -4 mg in 1 cc
Dopamine concentration 1600 mcg/ml in 250cc yields a concetration of - -400 mg in
250cc
The best short acting medication/anxietolytic to sedate a patient is - -
Versed/Midazolam
An EKG demonstrates ST elevation in leads V5, V6, Lead 1, and AVL. Which coronary artery
is most likely occluded - -Cx