Nutrition Basics test bank Question and Answers 2024 final exam

Nutrition Basics test bank Question and Answers 2024 final exam Nutrition The process by which the body uses food (in the form of nutrients) for growth and maintenance Six nutrient classes Water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals Non-nutrients Fibers, phytochemicals, pigments, additives, alcohols, etc. Essential nutrients Those that the body cannot make or cannot make in sufficient quantities to meet needs Nourished Description of someone having adequate calories and nutrients Under-nourished Describing someone not having enough calories Malnourished Describing someone having a diet consisting of poor quality food Over-nourished Describing someone over consuming food Factors that influence nutritional status Biological, psychological, energy expenditure, social factors, and presence of disease Biological factors Sex Digestion, absorption, metabolism, and excretion of nutrients Age and phase of life cycle Psychological factors Desire to eat Appetite Palatability of food Social factors Availability of food Cultural customs Dehydration synthesis Monomers are joined by removal of OH from one monomer and removal of H from the other at the site of bond formation Forms a water molecule that is released Anabolic reaction Any chemical reaction that combines simple molecules to build more-complex molecules Done through dehydration synthesis Hydrolysis Monomers are released by the addition of a water molecule, adding OH to one monomer and H to the other Catabolic reaction Any chemical reaction that breaks down complex molecules into simpler molecules Done through hydrolysis What are the important roles of carbohydrates