WGU 785 Final Exam Questions &
Correct Answers 2024/2025
1. Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is
the outcome for their kids? - ANS -His daughters would be carriers. This is
x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
2. Dominant: - ANS -Autosomal: males and females equally affected.
Dominant: non-carrier parents
3. polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - ANS -The process of copying DNA in the
lab. Uses Template DNA, Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA
primers.
4. 3 Steps of PCR - ANS -1. Denaturation: DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.
2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy
and add DNA polymerase.
3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding nucleotides
building a new DNA strand.
,5. Base Excision Repair (BER) - ANS -How you repair a mutation. BER is used
to repair damage to a base caused by harmful molecules. You remove the
base that is damaged and replace it. *BER removes a single nucleotide*
DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.
DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
6. Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: - ANS -replication. DNA polymerase
proofreads but sometimes a mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a
large section of the nucleotides from the new DNA and DNA polymerase
tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)
7. Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? - ANS -When a base
is mismatched due to errors in replication. Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA
polymerase comes by and fixes it.
8. What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA? - ANS -
TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase takes the individual nucleotides and
matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must
bind with RNA primer to work.
9. What is needed for DNA replication? - ANS -DNA polymerase
, 10.Nonsense Mutation - ANS -Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon
Stop= nonsense because it is no more.
11.Silent Mutation - ANS -Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same
amino acid. Silent= the change doesn't change the name of the protein
12.Missense Mutation - ANS -Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a
different amino acid. Missense = mistake was made.
13.What happends during RNA splicing? - ANS -During RNA splicing introns
are cut out, the remaining exons are joined together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
14.Find the DNA template strand. - ANS -3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
The DNA template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number,
then go L-R with the complimentary letter.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
15.What is the corresonding mRNA sequence? - ANS -5'AUG AGU CUC UCU 3'
Correct Answers 2024/2025
1. Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is
the outcome for their kids? - ANS -His daughters would be carriers. This is
x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
2. Dominant: - ANS -Autosomal: males and females equally affected.
Dominant: non-carrier parents
3. polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - ANS -The process of copying DNA in the
lab. Uses Template DNA, Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA
primers.
4. 3 Steps of PCR - ANS -1. Denaturation: DNA is heated to 95C to separate it.
2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want to copy
and add DNA polymerase.
3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding nucleotides
building a new DNA strand.
,5. Base Excision Repair (BER) - ANS -How you repair a mutation. BER is used
to repair damage to a base caused by harmful molecules. You remove the
base that is damaged and replace it. *BER removes a single nucleotide*
DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.
DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
6. Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: - ANS -replication. DNA polymerase
proofreads but sometimes a mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a
large section of the nucleotides from the new DNA and DNA polymerase
tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)
7. Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? - ANS -When a base
is mismatched due to errors in replication. Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA
polymerase comes by and fixes it.
8. What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA? - ANS -
TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase takes the individual nucleotides and
matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must
bind with RNA primer to work.
9. What is needed for DNA replication? - ANS -DNA polymerase
, 10.Nonsense Mutation - ANS -Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon
Stop= nonsense because it is no more.
11.Silent Mutation - ANS -Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same
amino acid. Silent= the change doesn't change the name of the protein
12.Missense Mutation - ANS -Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a
different amino acid. Missense = mistake was made.
13.What happends during RNA splicing? - ANS -During RNA splicing introns
are cut out, the remaining exons are joined together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
14.Find the DNA template strand. - ANS -3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
The DNA template strand is complimentary. So start with the opposite number,
then go L-R with the complimentary letter.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
15.What is the corresonding mRNA sequence? - ANS -5'AUG AGU CUC UCU 3'
