Bio 201 Special Senses Review
1. i. a watery fluid produced in the posterior chamber, which circulates through the
pupil into the anterior chamber (between the cornea and the lens). If
its drainage is blocked, pressure within the eye may increase and cause compression of
the retina and optic nerve - glaucoma: Aqueous humor
2. A passageway that extends completely around the eye at the level of corneal limbus. It
collects aqueous humor from the anterior chamber and delivers it into the episcleral
blood vessels via aqueous veins.: Canal of Schlemm
3. nourishes retina and prevents light scattering within the eye: Choroid
4. Changes shape of the lens.
Smooth muscle.
Attached to lens by suspensory ligament.: Cillary body
5. AKA glands of Moll. - modified sweat glands between the eyelashes.
i. Secrete lipid that adds to the superficial layer of the tear film, slowing
evaporation
ii. Prone to infection, blockage of its duct with sebum and cell debris = Stye:
Cillary glands
6. Helps protect inner eye lid, upper and lower, small portion of the eyeball.: -
Conjunctiva
7. i. Cornea is lined with pain fibers (which is why contacts can be so tough to adjust
to)
ii. When cornea is touched, reflex blinking and increased lacrimal fluid secre- tion
occur
iii. Since cornea has no blood supply it is the only tissue that can be trans- planted
with very little fear of rejection (does not have contact with immune system)
iv. transparent, allowing light to pass through
1. Repairs itself easily
2. The only human tissue that can be transplanted without fear of rejection: -
Cornea
8. i. Though it seems to appear in many colors (Iris means rainbow), it actually only
contains brown pigment
ii. When an iris contains a lot of pigment, the eyes appear brown or black
iii. If the amount of pigment is small, the short wavelengths of light are scattered
from the unpigmented parts of the iris, and eyes appear blue, green, or gray
iv. Why, then, do newborn babies often appear to have gray or blue eyes?: Iris
9. i. releases fluid that contains mucus, antibodies, and lysozyme (a bacte- ria-
destroying enzyme)
ii. Lacrimal gland is located superior and lateral to the eye
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iii. It releases fluid, which is spread over eye by blinking, and drains via the medial
lacrimal canals
iv. Consists of the:
1. Lacrimal Gland; tear gland
2. Lacrimal Gland Ducts
3. Lacrimal Puncta Lacrimal Sac: a. Lacrimal glands (and the other structures of the
lacrimal apparatus)
10. i. Lens fibers
1. Cells in interior of lens
2. No nuclei or organelles
3. Filled with crystallins, which provide clarity and focusing power to lens
ii. Cataract
1. Condition in which lens has lost its transparency: Lens
11. Modified sebaceous glands produce an oily secretion to lubricate the eye:
Meibomian glands
12. No photoreceptor cells are here. Also knowns as optic blind spot.: Optic Disk
13. contains millions of photoreceptors known as rods and cones.
From the retina, signals travel towards the brain via the optic nerve.: Retina
14. Fibrous strands that connect the lens of the eye to the cillary body.: Sus- pensory
Ligaments
15. Vitreous humor - gel-like substance behind the lens (posterior cavity) keeping
the eye from collapsing.: Vitreous humor
16. Conjunctiva: inflammation of the conjunctiva: Pink eye is an example of an
infection of which accessory structure of the eye?
17. Fibrous tunic: The outermost tunic of the eye is the
18. Vascular tunic: The middle tunic of the eye is the
19. Neural layer: The innermost tunic of the eye is the
20. The cornea because it can repair itself easily: Which structure in the eye can be
transplanted without fear of rejection? Why?
21. Suspensory ligament
Changes the shape of the lens: What is the name given to the thin, fibrous strands that
connect the lens of the eye to the ciliary body? While you're at it, what is the function of th
ciliary body?
22. Aqueous humor and Vitreous humor: What are the two internal cavities of the eye ?
23. From the ciliary body processes into the post. chamber and passes be- tween
the lens and iris to enter the ant. chamber through the pupil. It flows
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1. i. a watery fluid produced in the posterior chamber, which circulates through the
pupil into the anterior chamber (between the cornea and the lens). If
its drainage is blocked, pressure within the eye may increase and cause compression of
the retina and optic nerve - glaucoma: Aqueous humor
2. A passageway that extends completely around the eye at the level of corneal limbus. It
collects aqueous humor from the anterior chamber and delivers it into the episcleral
blood vessels via aqueous veins.: Canal of Schlemm
3. nourishes retina and prevents light scattering within the eye: Choroid
4. Changes shape of the lens.
Smooth muscle.
Attached to lens by suspensory ligament.: Cillary body
5. AKA glands of Moll. - modified sweat glands between the eyelashes.
i. Secrete lipid that adds to the superficial layer of the tear film, slowing
evaporation
ii. Prone to infection, blockage of its duct with sebum and cell debris = Stye:
Cillary glands
6. Helps protect inner eye lid, upper and lower, small portion of the eyeball.: -
Conjunctiva
7. i. Cornea is lined with pain fibers (which is why contacts can be so tough to adjust
to)
ii. When cornea is touched, reflex blinking and increased lacrimal fluid secre- tion
occur
iii. Since cornea has no blood supply it is the only tissue that can be trans- planted
with very little fear of rejection (does not have contact with immune system)
iv. transparent, allowing light to pass through
1. Repairs itself easily
2. The only human tissue that can be transplanted without fear of rejection: -
Cornea
8. i. Though it seems to appear in many colors (Iris means rainbow), it actually only
contains brown pigment
ii. When an iris contains a lot of pigment, the eyes appear brown or black
iii. If the amount of pigment is small, the short wavelengths of light are scattered
from the unpigmented parts of the iris, and eyes appear blue, green, or gray
iv. Why, then, do newborn babies often appear to have gray or blue eyes?: Iris
9. i. releases fluid that contains mucus, antibodies, and lysozyme (a bacte- ria-
destroying enzyme)
ii. Lacrimal gland is located superior and lateral to the eye
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, Bio 201 Special Senses Review
iii. It releases fluid, which is spread over eye by blinking, and drains via the medial
lacrimal canals
iv. Consists of the:
1. Lacrimal Gland; tear gland
2. Lacrimal Gland Ducts
3. Lacrimal Puncta Lacrimal Sac: a. Lacrimal glands (and the other structures of the
lacrimal apparatus)
10. i. Lens fibers
1. Cells in interior of lens
2. No nuclei or organelles
3. Filled with crystallins, which provide clarity and focusing power to lens
ii. Cataract
1. Condition in which lens has lost its transparency: Lens
11. Modified sebaceous glands produce an oily secretion to lubricate the eye:
Meibomian glands
12. No photoreceptor cells are here. Also knowns as optic blind spot.: Optic Disk
13. contains millions of photoreceptors known as rods and cones.
From the retina, signals travel towards the brain via the optic nerve.: Retina
14. Fibrous strands that connect the lens of the eye to the cillary body.: Sus- pensory
Ligaments
15. Vitreous humor - gel-like substance behind the lens (posterior cavity) keeping
the eye from collapsing.: Vitreous humor
16. Conjunctiva: inflammation of the conjunctiva: Pink eye is an example of an
infection of which accessory structure of the eye?
17. Fibrous tunic: The outermost tunic of the eye is the
18. Vascular tunic: The middle tunic of the eye is the
19. Neural layer: The innermost tunic of the eye is the
20. The cornea because it can repair itself easily: Which structure in the eye can be
transplanted without fear of rejection? Why?
21. Suspensory ligament
Changes the shape of the lens: What is the name given to the thin, fibrous strands that
connect the lens of the eye to the ciliary body? While you're at it, what is the function of th
ciliary body?
22. Aqueous humor and Vitreous humor: What are the two internal cavities of the eye ?
23. From the ciliary body processes into the post. chamber and passes be- tween
the lens and iris to enter the ant. chamber through the pupil. It flows
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