Child Development Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Verified.

Child Development Final Exam Questions and Answers 100% Verified. What Changes Occur in Height and Weight During Early Childhood? - answer1. During early childhood (ages 2-6), growth rate slows to about 2 to 3 inches per year in height and 4 to 6 pounds per year in weight. 2. Children become slenderer and adult-like in their body proportions, although there is individual variation. 3. As a group, boys are slightly taller and heavier. How Does the Brain Develop During Early Childhood? - answer1.There is rapid growth in brain weight due to myelination, and by age 5, the brain is 90% of its adult weight. Myelination of neural pathways linking the cerebellum to the cortex results in increased balance and fine motor skills. 2. Brain growth also leads to improved attention and visual processing skills during early childhood. Are Some Children Right-Brained and Others Left-Brained? - answer1. It has become popular to speak of people as being "right-brained" or "left-brained." The notion is that the hemispheres of the brain are involved in different kinds of intellectual and emotional functions and responses. 2. The functions of the left and right hemispheres overlap and are connected by the corpus callosum, which is largely myelinated by age 8. What Is Meant by Plasticity of the Brain? - answer1. Plasticity of the brain, or the ability to compensate for injury, is greatest from 1 to 2 years of age and then gradually declines. Both "sprouting" of new dendrites and the redundancy of neural connections promote plasticity. How Do Gross Motor Skills Develop in Early Childhood? - answer1. There are greater individual differences than sex differences in gross motor skill development during early childhood. Gains are made through play with others at this age. 2. Children 2 to 6 years old spend an average of more than 25 hours per week in large muscle activity. 3. Motor activity level begins to decline after 2 or 3 years of age, and children become able to sit still for longer periods of time. 4. In the United States, rough-and-tumble play usually occurs within same-sex play groups and serves to develop both physical and social skills. 5. Parents influence their children's activity levels through genetics, culture, and the environment they provide. 6. A Closer Look—Diversity: Gender Differences in Motor Activity. Boys' greater activity level than girls may reflect relative physical immaturity of boys' biological differences or parental socialization. How Do Fine Motor Skills Develop in Early Childhood? - answer1. Proximodistal trend in development accounts for the lag in fine motor skill development behind gross motor skill development. 2. Four stages characterize the development of children's drawing: placement (age 2, placement of scribbles), shape (age 3, basic shapes), design (ages 3-4, combine basic shapes into designs), and the pictorial stage (ages 4-5, recognizable objects). When Does Handedness Emerge? Are There Any Advantages or Disadvantages to Being Left- Handed? - answer1.Handedness emerges during infancy and becomes more strongly established during early childhood. The majority of people are right-handed. 2.Both problems (language problems, health problems, psychological disorders) and advantages (higher frequencies of math success and athletic success) are associated with being left-handed. 3.Handedness runs in families and thus has a genetic component. 4.New theories suggest a link between prenatal testosterone and handedness. What Are Children's Nutritional Needs in Early Childhood? - answer1. Children in early childhood need more overall calories than toddlers, but because they have a slower growth rate, they need fewer calories per pound than toddlers. What Are Children's Patterns of Eating? - answer1.During early childhood, the appetite decreases and becomes erratic. 2.Preference for sugar and salt increase with exposure. 3.Healthy eating habits should be modeled by caregivers. What Minor Illnesses Do Children Develop in Early Childhood? - answerU.S. children between the ages of 1 and 3 average 8 to 9 minor illnesses a year while 4 and 10 generally suffer from about 4 to 6 minor illnesses (e.g., respiratory infections, gastrointestinal upsets) a year. These minor illnesses can lead to the creation of beneficial antibodies. What Major Illnesses Do Children Encounter? - answer1.Worldwide, pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria, malnutrition, and measles kill young children. 2. Oral rehydration therapy could prevent many deaths from diarrhea. 3. In the United States, immunizations and antibiotics have significantly reduced major illness in childhood. 4. In the United States, one-third of children suffer from a chronic illness such as arthritis and cystic fibrosis. Many diseases that have been eradicated in the United States still kill children worldwide. A Closer Look—Real Life: Six Things You Need to Know about Vaccines. - answer1.We all need vaccines throughout our lives to help protect against serious diseases. 2.Outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases can and do still happen in communities across the United States. 3.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) take many steps to make sure vaccines are very safe. 4.Vaccines give you the power to protect your children from getting sick. 5.You can even make sure your baby is born with protection by getting vaccinated when you are pregnant. 6.Vaccines aren't just for kids. They can help adults stay healthy too—especially if they have health conditions. What Is the Role of Accidents as a Cause of Death in Early Childhood? - answer1. Accidents are the most common cause of death in young children in the United States. Motor-vehicle accidents are the single most common cause