Epidemiol
, NOTEBOOK DASHBOARD
1 2
Study designs Measures of frequenc
3 4
Measures of effect and impact Confounding and effe
5 6
Logistic regression Bias
7 8
Randomization
9 10
11 12
, 1
Study designs
, Lecture 1 - Srudy designs
1) Case series
→ detailed clinical description
→ single or few patients
,2) Cross-sectional study
→ assessing occurrence of an outcome in a specific setting
→ exposure and outcome measured at the same time
→ analysis mainly descriptive (exploring possible associations
Main purpose:
→ estimating prevalence
→ identifying potential associated factors
3) Ecological study
→ outcomes and exposures measured at group level (often in
design)
→ analysis mainly through correlations
, 4) Case-control study
→ 2 groups of individuals: with and without outcome of inter
→ selection on outcome
→ measuring of exposure (difference in exposure)
→ formal statistical comparison
→ measure of effect
→ hypothesis testing
Principles of selection:
1) study base principle
→ select controls from the study base in which cases aros
→ controls represent person-time distribution in exposur
independent of exposure status)
→ principle prevents selection bias
, NOTEBOOK DASHBOARD
1 2
Study designs Measures of frequenc
3 4
Measures of effect and impact Confounding and effe
5 6
Logistic regression Bias
7 8
Randomization
9 10
11 12
, 1
Study designs
, Lecture 1 - Srudy designs
1) Case series
→ detailed clinical description
→ single or few patients
,2) Cross-sectional study
→ assessing occurrence of an outcome in a specific setting
→ exposure and outcome measured at the same time
→ analysis mainly descriptive (exploring possible associations
Main purpose:
→ estimating prevalence
→ identifying potential associated factors
3) Ecological study
→ outcomes and exposures measured at group level (often in
design)
→ analysis mainly through correlations
, 4) Case-control study
→ 2 groups of individuals: with and without outcome of inter
→ selection on outcome
→ measuring of exposure (difference in exposure)
→ formal statistical comparison
→ measure of effect
→ hypothesis testing
Principles of selection:
1) study base principle
→ select controls from the study base in which cases aros
→ controls represent person-time distribution in exposur
independent of exposure status)
→ principle prevents selection bias
