ABG Exam Questions With Verified Answers.

ABG Exam Questions With Verified Answers. Maintain steady balance between acids and bases to achieve? - answerhomeostasis what are health problems that has led to imbalance? - answer1. DM 2. COPD 3. Kidney disease Acid-Base Imbalances is not a disease but a? - answermanifestation of an underlying health problem What is pH? - answermeasure of H+ ion concentration an increase in H+ concentration leads to - answeracidity a decrease in H+ leads to - answeralkalinity the pH of solution ranges from - answer1-14 solution with pH of 7 is? - answerneutral a solution <7.35? - answeracid a solution >7.45 - answeralkaline blood is slightly alkaline with a pH of? - answer7.35-7.45 acid-base regulation - answer-metabolic process produce acids that much be neutralized and excreted -body has 3 mechanisms that regulate the acid-base balance to maintain pH of 7.35-7.45 = buffer systems what are the 3 mechanisms - answer1. Buffers 2. Respiratory system 3. Renal system Buffer System - answer-reacts immediately -act chemically to change strong acids to weak acids or to bind acids to neutralize effect -primary regulator of acid-base balance what is the major buffer system of ECF - answer-carbonic acid-bicarbonate other buffers? - answer-Phosphate -PRO -hemoglobin -the cell can also act as buffer by shifting H+ in and out of cell wall. when ECF of + is increased, the H+ enters the cell in exchange for K+ (this is why *alkalosis can causes hypokalemia*) buffers cannot maintain pH w/o adequate functioning of? - answer1. Resp system 2. renal system H2CO3 - answercarbonic acid HCO3- - answerbicarbonate Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)/Bicarbonate (HCO3) - answerHCL + NaH2CO3 --> NaCl + H2CO3 -in this way, combining a strong acid + strong base = prevents acid from making a large decrease in blood pH -the carbonic acid is broken down to H2O and CO2 -the lungs excrete CO2 either with insensible H2O or as carbonic acid or alone -in this process, buffer system maintains 20:1 ratio b/w bicarb and carbonic acid and normal pH slide 8 - answer Respiratory System Regulation - answerCO2 + H20 --> H2CO3 -->H+HCO3- -when released into circulation, CO2 enters RBC and combines with H2o to form H2CO3; this carbonic acid dissocates into H ions and bicarb. free H is buffered by hemoglobin molecules and