Chapter Six: Sensory-Perceptual
Development
Acuity - correct answer-Acuity is sharpness of sight
In the first month, acuity is 20/400 (5% of adult level)
Infant can differentiate facial features at 20 inches
Acuity is approximately 20/30 by age 5 and 20/20 by age 10 (expected to reach adult levels
by age 10)
Audition - correct answer-Sounds are used as cues to initiate or time movements
The fetus can hear
- Motor response to pure tone stimuli as early as 27 weeks
- MEG has also been used to measure fetal auditory evoked responses to tones
Auditory Development - correct answer-Present as soon as material drains from the ear
canal
Ability to hear low frequency sounds develops first
- Infants prefer low-pitched voices better than high-pitched voices
Adult-like by 6 months
Auditory Figure-Gound - correct answer-Picking out the relevant sounds to attend to from the
background noise
- Improves through childhood
Auditory Perception - correct answer-Abilities at birth:
- May not be able to detect whisper
- Can't hear short sounds
- Prefer low pitched to high pitched sounds
- Prefer sounds made of more than one note
- Prefer female voices
Newborns: prefer to hear the sounds they heard in the womb
- Prefer mother's voice within 3 days of birth
Auditory Perception - correct answer-Includes:
- Location
- Differences in similar sounds
- Patterns
- Auditory figure-ground
, Auditory Sensation - correct answer-Abilities at birth
- Can detect avg. speaking voice but not whisper
- Prefer low pitched to high pitched sounds
- Prefer sounds made of more than 1 note
- Prefer mother's voice within 3 days of birth
Conclusions for Locomotion and Visual Flow Sensitivity - correct answer-Both studies
demonstrated that self locomotion is necessary for proper perceptual motor development
Cutaneous Receptors - correct answer-Located in the dermis and epidermis
Provides information about touch, pain, and temperature
Depth Perception - correct answer-The ability to accurately judge the distance form self to an
object or place in space
Information can come from:
- Retinal disparity
- Motion parallax
- Optic flow
If brain cannot interpret this information however, then one cannot respond to depth
perception
- Need to see and perceive this information to initiate an appropriate response
Development of Object Perception - correct answer-Infants rely more on depth and motion
cues than on edges
Figure-and-ground:
- 4-6 years, 6-8 years
Whole-and-part:
- After age 9
Development of Space Perception - correct answer-Infants have the mechanics for retinal
disparity and motion parallax
By 6 months, infants perceive depth
- Visual cliff (6-14)
Depth perception is refined to adult like levels in adolescence
- Although visual acuity becomes adult like at 10, we continue to develop depth perception
beyond this age
Differences in Similar Sounds - correct answer-Continues to refine until 13
The ability to discriminate among similar sounds
Development
Acuity - correct answer-Acuity is sharpness of sight
In the first month, acuity is 20/400 (5% of adult level)
Infant can differentiate facial features at 20 inches
Acuity is approximately 20/30 by age 5 and 20/20 by age 10 (expected to reach adult levels
by age 10)
Audition - correct answer-Sounds are used as cues to initiate or time movements
The fetus can hear
- Motor response to pure tone stimuli as early as 27 weeks
- MEG has also been used to measure fetal auditory evoked responses to tones
Auditory Development - correct answer-Present as soon as material drains from the ear
canal
Ability to hear low frequency sounds develops first
- Infants prefer low-pitched voices better than high-pitched voices
Adult-like by 6 months
Auditory Figure-Gound - correct answer-Picking out the relevant sounds to attend to from the
background noise
- Improves through childhood
Auditory Perception - correct answer-Abilities at birth:
- May not be able to detect whisper
- Can't hear short sounds
- Prefer low pitched to high pitched sounds
- Prefer sounds made of more than one note
- Prefer female voices
Newborns: prefer to hear the sounds they heard in the womb
- Prefer mother's voice within 3 days of birth
Auditory Perception - correct answer-Includes:
- Location
- Differences in similar sounds
- Patterns
- Auditory figure-ground
, Auditory Sensation - correct answer-Abilities at birth
- Can detect avg. speaking voice but not whisper
- Prefer low pitched to high pitched sounds
- Prefer sounds made of more than 1 note
- Prefer mother's voice within 3 days of birth
Conclusions for Locomotion and Visual Flow Sensitivity - correct answer-Both studies
demonstrated that self locomotion is necessary for proper perceptual motor development
Cutaneous Receptors - correct answer-Located in the dermis and epidermis
Provides information about touch, pain, and temperature
Depth Perception - correct answer-The ability to accurately judge the distance form self to an
object or place in space
Information can come from:
- Retinal disparity
- Motion parallax
- Optic flow
If brain cannot interpret this information however, then one cannot respond to depth
perception
- Need to see and perceive this information to initiate an appropriate response
Development of Object Perception - correct answer-Infants rely more on depth and motion
cues than on edges
Figure-and-ground:
- 4-6 years, 6-8 years
Whole-and-part:
- After age 9
Development of Space Perception - correct answer-Infants have the mechanics for retinal
disparity and motion parallax
By 6 months, infants perceive depth
- Visual cliff (6-14)
Depth perception is refined to adult like levels in adolescence
- Although visual acuity becomes adult like at 10, we continue to develop depth perception
beyond this age
Differences in Similar Sounds - correct answer-Continues to refine until 13
The ability to discriminate among similar sounds
