Edexcel A level Physical Education
Paper 1 May 2024 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is venous return? - Answer>>The return of blood back to
the right side of the heart via the vena cava
Why are mechanisms needed to maintain venous return? -
Answer>>The pressure of the blood in large veins is very low
which makes it difficult to get blood back to the heart
What are the mechanisms needed to maintain venous return? -
Answer>>Skeletal muscle pump, respiratory pump, pocket
valves, smooth muscle in veins, heart
What is the skeletal muscle pump? - Answer>>When muscles
contract and relax, they press on veins squeezing blood back to
the heart
What is the respiratory pump? - Answer>>When muscles
contract and relax during breathing, pressure changes occur in
the chest cavity which compress nearby veins squeezing blood
back to the heart
What are pocket valves? - Answer>>Valves in veins keep the
blood flowing in one direction and close to prevent backflow
What does the smooth muscles in veins do? -
Answer>>Squeeze the blood back to the heart
How does the heart help to maintain venous return? -
Answer>>The heart acts as a suction pump when it contracts
and relaxes
,What is the impact of blood pressure on venous return? -
Answer>>When the systolic blood pressure increases, there is
an increase in venous return and vice versa
What is the equation for blood pressure? - Answer>>Blood flow
x resistance
What is blood pressure? - Answer>>The force exerted against
the vessel wall
What is systolic pressure? - Answer>>The pressure in the
arteries when the ventricles contract
What is diastolic pressure? - Answer>>The pressure in the
arteries when the ventricles relax
Where is blood pressure measured? - Answer>>At the brachial
artery in the upper arm
What is a typical blood pressure reading at rest? -
Answer>>120/80 mmHg
What is blood pressure dependent on? - Answer>>The type of
blood vessel and the distance from the heart
What is the blood pressure in arteries? - Answer>>High
What is the blood pressure in arterioles? - Answer>>Medium
What is the blood pressure in capillaries? - Answer>>Low
What is the blood pressure in the venules? - Answer>>Low
What is the blood pressure in the veins? - Answer>>Low
,What is the total area of arteries? - Answer>>Low
What is the total area of arterioles? - Answer>>Medium
What is the total area of capillaries? - Answer>>High
What is the total area of venules? - Answer>>Medium
What is the total area of veins? - Answer>>Low
What are the two types of circulation? - Answer>>Pulmonary
and systemic
What is pulmonary circulation? - Answer>>Deoxygenated blood
from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the
heart
What is systemic circulation? - Answer>>Oxygenated blood to
the body from the heart and then the return of the deoxygenated
blood from the body to the heart
What are the blood vessels in order? - Answer>>Heart, arteries,
arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, heart
What type of walls do arteries have? - Answer>>Thick elastic
walls. Have a smooth muscle layer
What is the lumen of an artery like? - Answer>>Small lumen
What pressure and velocity do arteries carry blood under? -
Answer>>High pressure and high velocity
Where do arteries carry blood? - Answer>>Away from the heart
, Does an artery contain valves? - Answer>>No
What are the walls of veins like? - Answer>>Thinner less elastic
walls with less smooth muscle than arteries
What is the lumen of veins like? - Answer>>Large lumen
What pressure and velocity do veins carry blood under? -
Answer>>Low pressure and medium velocity
Where do veins carry blood? - Answer>>Back to the heart
What do veins contain? - Answer>>Non return valves
What is the wall of a capillary like? - Answer>>One cell thick, no
outer or middle layer
What is the lumen of a capillary like? - Answer>>Microscopic
lumen
What pressure and velocity do capillaries carry blood under? -
Answer>>Very low pressure and very low velocity
What do capillaries do? - Answer>>Deliver oxygen and glucose
to tissues and remove waste products from tissues
Do capillaries contain valves? - Answer>>No
What happens after ten minutes in a warm environment? -
Answer>>The performer begins to sweat
What does sweating cause? - Answer>>A loss of fluid from the
blood which decreases the plasma volume
Paper 1 May 2024 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
What is venous return? - Answer>>The return of blood back to
the right side of the heart via the vena cava
Why are mechanisms needed to maintain venous return? -
Answer>>The pressure of the blood in large veins is very low
which makes it difficult to get blood back to the heart
What are the mechanisms needed to maintain venous return? -
Answer>>Skeletal muscle pump, respiratory pump, pocket
valves, smooth muscle in veins, heart
What is the skeletal muscle pump? - Answer>>When muscles
contract and relax, they press on veins squeezing blood back to
the heart
What is the respiratory pump? - Answer>>When muscles
contract and relax during breathing, pressure changes occur in
the chest cavity which compress nearby veins squeezing blood
back to the heart
What are pocket valves? - Answer>>Valves in veins keep the
blood flowing in one direction and close to prevent backflow
What does the smooth muscles in veins do? -
Answer>>Squeeze the blood back to the heart
How does the heart help to maintain venous return? -
Answer>>The heart acts as a suction pump when it contracts
and relaxes
,What is the impact of blood pressure on venous return? -
Answer>>When the systolic blood pressure increases, there is
an increase in venous return and vice versa
What is the equation for blood pressure? - Answer>>Blood flow
x resistance
What is blood pressure? - Answer>>The force exerted against
the vessel wall
What is systolic pressure? - Answer>>The pressure in the
arteries when the ventricles contract
What is diastolic pressure? - Answer>>The pressure in the
arteries when the ventricles relax
Where is blood pressure measured? - Answer>>At the brachial
artery in the upper arm
What is a typical blood pressure reading at rest? -
Answer>>120/80 mmHg
What is blood pressure dependent on? - Answer>>The type of
blood vessel and the distance from the heart
What is the blood pressure in arteries? - Answer>>High
What is the blood pressure in arterioles? - Answer>>Medium
What is the blood pressure in capillaries? - Answer>>Low
What is the blood pressure in the venules? - Answer>>Low
What is the blood pressure in the veins? - Answer>>Low
,What is the total area of arteries? - Answer>>Low
What is the total area of arterioles? - Answer>>Medium
What is the total area of capillaries? - Answer>>High
What is the total area of venules? - Answer>>Medium
What is the total area of veins? - Answer>>Low
What are the two types of circulation? - Answer>>Pulmonary
and systemic
What is pulmonary circulation? - Answer>>Deoxygenated blood
from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the
heart
What is systemic circulation? - Answer>>Oxygenated blood to
the body from the heart and then the return of the deoxygenated
blood from the body to the heart
What are the blood vessels in order? - Answer>>Heart, arteries,
arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, heart
What type of walls do arteries have? - Answer>>Thick elastic
walls. Have a smooth muscle layer
What is the lumen of an artery like? - Answer>>Small lumen
What pressure and velocity do arteries carry blood under? -
Answer>>High pressure and high velocity
Where do arteries carry blood? - Answer>>Away from the heart
, Does an artery contain valves? - Answer>>No
What are the walls of veins like? - Answer>>Thinner less elastic
walls with less smooth muscle than arteries
What is the lumen of veins like? - Answer>>Large lumen
What pressure and velocity do veins carry blood under? -
Answer>>Low pressure and medium velocity
Where do veins carry blood? - Answer>>Back to the heart
What do veins contain? - Answer>>Non return valves
What is the wall of a capillary like? - Answer>>One cell thick, no
outer or middle layer
What is the lumen of a capillary like? - Answer>>Microscopic
lumen
What pressure and velocity do capillaries carry blood under? -
Answer>>Very low pressure and very low velocity
What do capillaries do? - Answer>>Deliver oxygen and glucose
to tissues and remove waste products from tissues
Do capillaries contain valves? - Answer>>No
What happens after ten minutes in a warm environment? -
Answer>>The performer begins to sweat
What does sweating cause? - Answer>>A loss of fluid from the
blood which decreases the plasma volume
