HUSH fall final study guide_ Updated & Verified Questions and Answers 100% A+ Graded Excel

HUSH fall final study guide_ Updated & Verified Questions and Answers 100% A+ Graded Excel "54°40' or fight" - CORRECT ANSWER-used during Polk's campaign of 1844 over the expansion of US Territory in Oregon "Common Sense" - CORRECT ANSWER-pamphlet written January 1776 by Paine that argued that the colonists were exploited by Britain, made a villain of the king, and called for an independent republic. "Father of American Education" - CORRECT ANSWER-Horace Mann. Secretary of the Massachusetts board of education, promoted education in his annual reports. Said "education then, beyond all other devices of human origin is a great equalizer of the conditions of men- the balance wheel of the social machinery "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death" - CORRECT ANSWER-Famous line in Patrick Henry's speech at the virginia convention "March to the Sea" - CORRECT ANSWER-An evasion of Georgia led by William T. Sherman using total war tactics. Civilian support was undermined by systematic physical destruction. Atlanta fell after a month long siege (September 1864) and Sherman then reached the sea at Savannah (December 21). Living off the land the army marched north, taking South Carolina's capital and invading North Carolina by the war's end. Abraham Lincoln - CORRECT ANSWER-opposed Polk's account of war origins against Mexico, campaigned for senate with Stephen Douglas in a series of debates in 1858, by his inauguration as president seven southern states had left the union, emphasized that the union was perpetual, after his inauguration Virginia and three other states joined the Confederacy, after the victory at Antietam he signed the Emancipation Proclamation, his reelection in 1864 was seen as a war referendum, at the Gettysburg Address he spoke about national unity, was assassinated 5 days after the end of war in 1865 by John WIlkes Booth Andrew Jackson & Battle of New Orleans - CORRECT ANSWER-after he defeated the Creek Indians at Horseshoe Bend he took Pensacola in the West Florida. British troops sent from the West Indies were defeated when they attacked Johnsons forces (including free blacks) at New Orleans (January 8, 1815). Although occurring after the peace agreement had been signed, the Battle of New Orleans gave the Americans a sense of victory and speeded the ratification of the treaty. Articles of Confederation - CORRECT ANSWER-adopted by Continental Congress in 1777 and sent to the states for ratification. Created a loose confederation of sovereign states. Each state delegation was given one vote in the one house congress. Important legislation require a two thirds vote of the states; a unanimous vote of state legislatures were required to amend. Articles of Confederation Powers - CORRECT ANSWER-successfully concluded the Treaty of Paris ending the Revolutionary War. Western Land Claims sales of lands would provide a source of national revenue. The Land Ordinance of 1785 provided that the Old Northwest was to be sold and surveyed to help pay the national debt : Townships would be divided into 36 one-square-mile sections to be sold for a minimum of one dollar per acre. Income sale from the sale of one section was to go to the support of public schools. The Northwest Ordinance provided government for the territory : At first the Congress would govern through appointed governors with gradual increase in self-government. When population permitted, three to five could enter the union on an equal basis with the original thirteen, permanent colonial status was rejected. The Bill of Rights protected rights. Slavery was abolished in the territory. Articles of Confederation Weaknesses - CORRECT ANSWER-The structure of government : proved to be a defective and inadequate under the Articles of Confederation because Congress could request funds and borrow money but not lay taxes and tariffs, declare war not raise armies, not regulate interstate commerce, negotiate treaties but lacked the authority abroad. Diplomatic problems : congress was unable to compel states to pay pre war debts and return Loyalist's property. European governments closed off American trade with their colonies yet British goods flooded the colonies. John Jay negotiated a trade treaty with Spain but it was blocked by Congress. Financial Problems : Congress and the states had printed "good faith" paper currency during the war but it became worthless. The Confederation government sank deeper into debt. Inflation reached 200%. Foreign trade went through a period of readjustment. Newburgh Conspiracy: George Washington successfully blocked his threatened military coup aimed at strengthening the central government. Paxton Boys: Pennsylvania recruits marched on Philadelphia demanding back pay causing congress to flee. Shays Rebellion: Dramatized the government's apparent ability to maintain domestic peace. Assistance for former slaves during Reconstruction - CORRECT ANSWER-The Freedmen's Bureau was setus by Congress in March 1865 to provide for the immediate needs of refugees and freedmen. They established schools and hospitals and provided courts to settle legal disputes involving freed blacks. The Fourteenth Amendment promised equal protection of the law for everyone except for women, the Fifteenth Amendment allowed blacks to vote, the Three Enforcement Acts protected Blacks and crushed the KKK. Beginning of the Revolutionary War - CORRECT ANSWER-The first shots were fired in April 1775. London ordered General Gage to arrest rebel leaders John Hancock and Sam Adams and seize arms and ammunition around Boston. British troops planned a secret march to Concord but Paul Revere and others spread the alarm. Colonial militia (minutemen) at Lexington were ordered to disperse and the first shots were fired. The British marched on the North Bridge at Concord. After the second clash the British were harassed on their return to Boston, which was then put under siege. Bleeding Kansas - CORRECT ANSWER-Northern free soilers and abolitionists and pro-slavery settlers from neighboring Missouri flooded into Kansas. In a disputed election pro-slavery forces won control of the territorial legislature which enacted a severe slave code. Free soilers in a clear majority, drew up a rival Topeka Constitution which provided for ending slavery. Supporters of the rival governments fought pitched battles. Abolitionist John Brown led a vicious attack on a settlement at Pottawatomie Creek. Guerilla warfare necessitated the calling of federal troops Blockades during the Civil War - CORRECT ANSWER-Lincoln called for 75,000 militia for 3 months to suppress the rebellion and then proclaimed a blockade of rebel ports in the south. The Union stressed a naval blockade gaining control of the Mississippi River and military campaigns in eastern Tennessee and against Richmond. Boston Tea Party - CORRECT ANSWER-The Tea Act of 1773 was designed to bail out the East India Company. Taxes and prices were reduced undercutting American merchants and smugglers. In Boston a Tea Party dumped a cargo of tea into the harbor and resistance occurred elsewhere. Other tea parties occurred in Charleston S.C. and Annapolis MD. Cause of the Mexican war - CORRECT ANSWER-American troops under General Zachary Taylor sent into disputed territory between the Rio Grande and Nueces Rivers, were attacked by Mexican forces. In his war message (May 11, 1864), President Polk claimed Mexico was the aggressor. Congress voted overwhelmingly for war (40-2 in the Senate 174-14 in the House. All opposition votes were from the North.) However, opposition to the war began to grow almost immediately, particularly in the North, among anti-slavery groups. Causes of the War of 1812 - CORRECT ANSWER-Some American ships and cargoes were seized, the British Navy, searching for deserters impressed some American sailors. In 1807 a British ship fired on the USS Chesapeake near the Virginia coast and seized several alleged deserters. Westerners blamed the British for promoting new attacks by Indians on the frontier Coercive Acts - CORRECT ANSWER-A series of laws that colonists called the Intolerable acts were passed by Parliament in March 1774. Boston port was closed until the tea was paid for.