WGU C182 Introduction to IT with correct Question and Answers 2024 final exam

WGU C182 Introduction to IT with correct Question and Answers 2024 final exam Network A collection of computers and resources connected by various media so that they can communicate with each other. User Those who use a computer. Software Categories Systems Software and Applications Software Evolution of Users First users were the engineers who built and programmed computers, then employees who had received specialized training were users, and now today, anyone and everyone can be a user. Protocol Rules provided by which networks communicate with each other. TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Most commonly used protocol; is required of all computers that communicate over the Internet. Protocol Stack A collection of protocols. TCP/IP is an example. Components of a Computer CPU, Memory and Storage, Peripheral Devices CPU Executes programs' instructions and commands various components in the computer. Referred to as the "chip". Memory Stores the programs being executed and the data they are using. I/O Subsystem All peripheral devices where long term storage devices are used. Bus Permits information to move between each component; electrical channels that enable communication among the electronic components System Unit Critical component of all computer based systems; consists of most of the hardware the computer needs in order to run; comes in a variety of shapes and sizes. Internal Components of the System Unit Case, Internal Bays, Buses, Ports, Hard Drive, Motherboard, CPU, CPU Cooler, Memory Module (RAM), Power Supply Unit (PSU), Expansion Slots/Cards Parts of the CPU Control Unit (CU) - retrieves the instructions and the raw data that is input and coordinates or controls the sending of those instructions and data to the ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - does the actual processing of the data; completing mathematical calculations and logical operations to process the data and converting the input of the keyboard text entry to output displayed on the screen System Clock Controls the speed at which instructions are processed. RAM Stands for Random Access Memory. It temporarily stores data before it is processed and sent to your screen or printer. It is volatile (means data or information stored disappears when the computer is turned off or loses power). You can choose the amount of RAM your computer has. Types of RAM Dynamic RAM (DRAM) - typically called main memory Static RAM (SRAM) - cache memory and registers BIOS ROM BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System; ROM stands for Read Only Memory. Typically stored in ROM chip on the motherboard. Is software not hardware, ("basic" operating system that runs when the computer is first turned on). Runs tests of memory and the CPU and initializes hardware components so that the actual Operating System can be loaded from the hard disk. Can't choose the amount or contents. 1st Generation of Computers Vacuum tubes, relay switches, the need to program in machine language 2nd Generation of Computers Transistor components, magnetic core memory, smaller size, easier to program, disk drives and drums, called mainframe computers 3rd Generation of Computers Silicon chips (known as ICs - integrated circuits), reduced cost, called mini computers, networks introduced via dumb terminal