Samenvatting Biologie, Thema 4:gentechnologie

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Samenvatting Biologie, Thema 4:gentechnologie

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Dit is een samenvatting van thema 4, boek biogenie 6.2. behalve: 3.3 3.4 4.1.3. succesvolle toepassingen 4.2. 4.3. 4.5. !!! FOUTJE: ik heb deeltje 4.4. gentechnologie in landbouw... perrongeluk 4.2. genoemd.!!! 5.4.2 5.5 vanaf 5.6 loopt de nummering een klein beetje anders door mijn leerkracht haar powerpoints.

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Thema 4: natuurlijke en kunstmatige genoverdracht
1. Klassieke en moderne biotechnologie

Klassieke biotechnologie
= Gebruik van organismen vo voedselproductie
- Bv. Micro-organismen: brood, kaas, bier
- Selectief kruisen
 Kruisen om tot iets te komen (bv. Fokken van dieren, veredelen van
planten)
- Heeft beperkingen
 Soortbarrière (je kan soorten niet kruisen zoals hond+kat)
 Tijger + leeuw = lijger ≠ vruchtbaar, genoeg verwant om nakomeling te
krijgen(katachtigen)

Moderne biotechnologie
= gen uit 1 organisme in ander organisme

2. Natuurlijke genoverdracht
2.1. Natuurlijke genoverdracht door bacteriën
2.1.1. Het genetisch materiaal van bacteriën
DNA: chromosoom + plasmide(n)
Chromosoom  genen coderen vo vitale proteïnen
Plasmide  niet-essentiële proteïnen  onafhankelijk vermenigvuldigen
Natuurlijke genoverdracht
= conjugatie
 Plasmide van ene nr andere bacterie overgedragen via
cytoplamabrug/pilus
 Plasmide dat w doorgegeven kan eventueel in chromosoom integreren

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Study: 3e graad
School year: 5
Uploaded on: June 14, 2024
File latest updated on: June 14, 2024
Number of pages: 15
Written in: 2023/2024
Type: Summary

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