ECPI NUR 138 Pharmacology Exam 1 Questions And Answers All Verified

ECPI
NUR
138
Pharmacology
Exam
1
The
patient
is
to
receive
oral
guaifenesin
(Mucinex)
twice
a
day.
Today,
the
nurse
was
busy
and
gave
the
medication
2
hours
after
the
scheduled
dose
was
due.
What
type
of
problem
does
this
represent?
A.
"Right
route"
B.
"Right
medication"
C.
"Right
dose"
D.
"Right
time"
-
ANS
D.
"Right
time"
Rationale:
"Right
time"
is
correct
because
the
medication
was
given
more
than
30
minutes
after
the
scheduled
dose
was
due.
"Dose"
is
incorrect
because
the
dose
is
not
related
to
the
time
the
medication
administration
is
scheduled.
"Route"
is
incorrect
because
the
route
is
not
affected.
"Medication"
is
incorrect
because
the
medication
ordered
will
not
change.
The
nurse
is
administering
parenteral
drugs.
Which
statement
is
true
regarding
parenteral
drugs?
A.
Parenteral
drugs
bypass
the
first-pass
effect.
B.
Absorption
of
parenteral
drugs
is
affected
by
reduced
blood
flow
to
the
stomach.
C.
Absorption
of
parenteral
drugs
is
faster
when
the
stomach
is
empty.
D.
Parenteral
drugs
exert
their
effects
while
circulating
in
the
bloodstream.
-
ANS
A.
Parenteral
drugs
bypass
the
first-pass
effect.
Rationale:
Drugs
given
by
the
parenteral
route
bypass
the
first-pass
effect.
Reduced
blood
flow
to
the
stomach
and
the
presence
of
food
in
the
stomach
apply
to
enteral
drugs
(taken
orally),
not
to
parenteral
drugs.
Parenteral
drugs
must
be
absorbed
into
cells
and
tissues
from
the
circulation
before
they
can
exert
their
effects:
they
do
not
exert
their
effects
while
circulating
in
the
bloodstream.
The
nurse
is
administering
medications
to
the
patient
who
is
in
renal
failure
resulting
from
end-stage
renal
disease.
The
nurse
is
aware
that
patients
with
kidney
failure
would
most
likely
have
problems
with
which
pharmacokinetic
phase?
A.
Excretion
B.
Absorption
C.
Metabolism
D.
Distribution
-
ANS
A.
Excretion Rationale:
The
kidneys
are
the
organs
that
are
most
responsible
for
drug
excretion.
Renal
function
does
not
affect
the
absorption
and
distribution
of
a
drug.
Renal
function
may
affect
metabolism
of
drugs
to
a
small
extent.
The
patient
is
complaining
of
a
headache
and
asks
the
nurse
which
over-the-counter
medication
form
would
work
the
fastest
to
help
reduce
the
pain.
Which
medication
form
will
the
nurse
suggest?
A.
A
tablet
B.
A
capsule
C.
A
powder
D.
An
enteric-coated
tablet
-
ANS
C.
A
powder
Rationale:
Of
the
types
of
oral
medications
listed,
the
powder
form
would
be
absorbed
the
fastest,
thus
having
a
faster
onset.
The
tablet,
the
capsule,
and,
finally,
the
enteric-coated
tablet
would
be
absorbed
next,
in
that
order.
Which
drugs
would
be
affected
by
the
first-pass
effect?
(Select
all
that
apply.)
A.
Sublingual
nitroglycerin
tablets
B.
Levothyroxine
(Synthroid)
tablets
C.
Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl)
elixir
D.
Penicillin
given
by
IV
piggyback
infusion
E.
Morphine
given
by
IV
push
injection
F.
Esomeprazole
(Nexium)
capsules
G.
Transdermal
nicotine
patches
-
ANS
B.
Levothyroxine
(Synthroid)
tablets
C.
Diphenhydramine
(Benadryl)
elixir
F.
Esomeprazole
(Nexium)
capsules
For
accurate
medication
administration
to
pediatric
patients,
the
nurse
must
take
into
account
which
criteria?
A.
Renal
output
B.
Height
C.
Body
temperature
D.
Organ
maturity
-
ANS
D.
Organ
maturity
Rationale:
To
administer
medications
to
pediatric
patients
accurately,
one
must
take
into
account
organ
maturity,
body
surface
area,
age,
and
weight.
The
other
options
are
incorrect:
renal
output
and
body
temperature
are
not
considerations,
and
height
alone
is
not
sufficient.
During
discharge
patient
teaching,
the
nurse
reviews
prescriptions
with
a
patient.
Which
statement
is
correct
about
refills
for
an
analgesic
that
is
classified
as
Schedule
C-III? A.
The
patient
may
have
no
more
than
five
refills
in
a
6-month
period.
B.
Refills
are
allowed
only
by
written
prescription.
C.
Written
prescriptions
expire
in
12
months.
D.
No
prescription
refills
are
permitted.
-
ANS
A.
The
patient
may
have
no
more
than
five
refills
in
a
6-month
period.
Rationale:
Schedule
C-III
medications
may
be
refilled
no
more
than
five
times
in
a
6-month
period.
The
patient
should
be
informed
of
this
regulation.
No
prescription
refills
are
permitted
for
Schedule
C-II
drugs.
Requiring
refills
by
written
prescription
only
applies
to
Schedule
C-II
drugs.
Schedule
C-III
prescriptions
(written
or
oral)
expire
in
6
months.
The
nurse
is
assessing
an
elderly
Hispanic
woman
who
is
being
treated
for
hypertension.
During
the
assessment,
what
is
important
for
the
nurse
to
remember
about
cultural
aspects?
A.
The
patient
should
be
discouraged
from
using
folk
remedies
and
rituals.
B.
The
nurse
will
remember
that
the
balance
among
body,
mind,
and
environment
is
important
for
this
patient's
health
beliefs.
C.
The
nurse
will
expect
the
patient
to
value
protective
bracelets
and
"root
workers"
as
healers.
D.
The
nurse's
assessment
needs
to
include
gathering
information
regarding
religious
practices
and
beliefs
regarding
medication,
treatment,
and
healing.
-
ANS
D.
The
nurse's
assessment
needs
to
include
gathering
information
regarding
religious
practices
and
beliefs
regarding
medication,
treatment,
and
healing.
Rationale:
All
beliefs
need
to
be
considered
clearly
so
as
to
prevent
a
conflict
from
arising
between
the
goals
of
nursing
and
health
care
and
the
dictates
of
a
patient's
cultural
background.
Assessing
religious
practices
and
beliefs
is
part
of
a
thorough
cultural
assessment.
The
other
options
are
incorrect.
The
nurse
should
not
ignore
a
patient's
cultural
practices.
The
concept
of
balance
among
body,
mind,
and
environment
and
the
valuing
of
protective
bracelets
and
root
workers
reflect
beliefs
or
practices
that
usually
do
not
apply
to
the
Hispanic
cultural
group.
When
reviewing
the
various
schedules
of
controlled
drugs,
the
nurse
knows
that
which
description
correctly
describes
Schedule
II
drugs?
A.
Medically
accepted
drugs
that
may
cause
moderate
physical
or
psychologic
dependence
B.
Drugs
with
high
potential
for
abuse
that
do
not
have
accepted
medical
use
C.
Medically
accepted
drugs
with
limited
potential
for
causing
physical
or
psychologic
dependence
D.
Drugs
with
high
potential
for
abuse
that
have
accepted
medical
use
-
ANS
D.
Drugs
with
high
potential
for
abuse
that
have
accepted
medical
use
Rationale:
Schedule
II
drugs
are
those
with
high
potential
for
abuse
but
that
have
accepted
medical
use.
Drugs
that
have
high
potential
for
abuse
but
do
not
have
accepted
medical
use
are
Schedule
I
drugs.
Medically
accepted
drugs
that
may
cause
moderate
physical
or
psychologic