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Samenvatting Theoretische criminologie en victimologie

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Met deze samenvatting behaalde ik 20/20 in eerste zit. Ze is heel volledig, aangezien ze samengesteld is uit de slides, alle lesnotities en de te kennen onderdelen uit het handboek. Ook examenvragen staan erin vermeld. Het document bevat in totaal 68 pagina's, waarvan 64 pagina's de samenvatting zelf betreft (de eerste 4 pagina's zijn immers het voorblad en de inhoudstafel, zodat je meteen een overzicht krijgt van de opbouw!)

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THEORETISCHE CRIMINOLOGIE
EN VICTIMOLOGIE
Samenvatting 2018-2019


Deze samenvatting omvat het handboek, alle lesnotities, de slides en mogelijke
examenvragen.




Céline De Backer

,Inhoudsopgave

Hoofdstuk 1: De klassieke school ............................................................ 4
Situering ............................................................................................... 4
Major points .......................................................................................... 4

Hoofdstuk 2: De positivistische school .................................................... 6
Situering ............................................................................................... 6
Major Points .......................................................................................... 6
Totstandkoming – intellectuele context...................................................... 7
Italiaanse school .................................................................................... 7
Lombroso:.......................................................................................... 7
Ferri: ................................................................................................. 8
Garofalo: ........................................................................................... 9
Franse school ........................................................................................ 9
Positivistische school (vervolg):.............................................................. 10
Evaluatie ............................................................................................. 10

Hoofdstuk 3: Chicago school ................................................................. 12
Situering ............................................................................................. 12
Major points ........................................................................................ 12
Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 14
Centrale focus = het “stadslaboratorium” ................................................ 14
Ecologisch perspectief en sociale desorganisatie: ...................................... 15
o W.I. Thomas ............................................................................... 15
o R.E. Park.................................................................................... 15
o E.W. Burgess .............................................................................. 16
Ecologisch perspectief ........................................................................... 16
Sociale desorganisatie........................................................................... 17
Culturele transmissie ............................................................................ 17
Symbolisch interactionisme ................................................................... 18
Cultuur conflict .................................................................................... 18
Evaluatie ............................................................................................. 19

Hoofdstuk 4: Differentiële associatietheorie ......................................... 21
Situering ............................................................................................. 21
Major points ........................................................................................ 21
Differentiële associatie .......................................................................... 22
Differentiële sociale organisatie .............................................................. 23
Evaluatie ............................................................................................. 23



1

, Differentiële associatietheorie is de basis voor .......................................... 23
Hedendaagse relevantie ........................................................................ 24

Hoofdstuk 5: anomie theorie ................................................................. 24
Situering ............................................................................................. 24
Major points ........................................................................................ 24
Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 27

Hoofdstuk 6: Subcultuurtheorieën ........................................................ 28
Situering ............................................................................................. 28
Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 28
Delinquente subcultuurtheorie................................................................ 28
A. Cohen .......................................................................................... 28
Differentiële opportuniteitstheorie........................................................... 29
Cloward en Ohlin ............................................................................... 29
Miller ............................................................................................... 31
Wolfgang & Ferracutti ........................................................................ 32
Evaluatie ............................................................................................. 32

Hoofdstuk 7: Labelingtheorie ................................................................ 34
Situering ............................................................................................. 34
Major points ........................................................................................ 34
Evaluatie ............................................................................................. 35
Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 36
Nieuw perspectief op “criminaliteit” ......................................................... 37
F. Tannenbaum ................................................................................. 37
Labeling als resultaat van een maatschappelijke reactie: ........................... 38
H.S. Becker ...................................................................................... 38
Labeling als oorzaak van deviantie .......................................................... 38
E.M. Lemert...................................................................................... 39

Hoofdstuk 8: Conflict theorie ................................................................ 40
Situering ............................................................................................. 40
Major points ........................................................................................ 40
Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 41
Conflict theorie: onderverdeling ............................................................. 42
Multi conflictperspectief ...................................................................... 43
Radicaal conflictperspectief ................................................................. 43

Hoofdstuk 9: Sociale controletheorie .................................................... 46
Situering ............................................................................................. 46
Major points ........................................................................................ 46



2

, Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 47
Persoonlijkheidsgeoriënteerde sociale controletheorie: .............................. 48
A. Reiss ........................................................................................... 48
Inperkingstheorie (containment theory): ................................................. 48
W. Reckless ...................................................................................... 48
Sociale bindingstheorie: ........................................................................ 49
Sykes en Matza ................................................................................. 49
Hirschi’s sociale controlehteorie: ............................................................ 51
T. Hirschi ......................................................................................... 51
Evaluatie ............................................................................................. 51

Hoofdstuk 10: Sociale leertheorie ......................................................... 53
Situering ............................................................................................. 53
Major points ........................................................................................ 53
3 elementen van belang om deze theorie te begrijpen ............................... 54
Operante conditionering ..................................................................... 55
Differentiële bekrachtigingstheorie ....................................................... 56
Sociale leertheorie ............................................................................. 57
Evaluatie ............................................................................................. 57

Hoofdstuk 11: Feminisme en gendertheorie .......................................... 58
Situering ............................................................................................. 58
Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 58
Theoretisch perspectief ......................................................................... 59
Feministische agenda............................................................................ 61

Hoofdstuk 12: Rational choice theorieën ............................................... 62
Situering ............................................................................................. 62
Major points ........................................................................................ 62
Intellectuele context ............................................................................. 63
Theoretisch perspectief ......................................................................... 63
RAT – Routine Activiteit Theorie .......................................................... 63
Lifestyle ........................................................................................... 64
RCT – Rational Choice Theory ............................................................. 64
Hedendaagse relevantie ........................................................................ 64

Hoofdstuk 13: Hedendaagse procestheorieën ....................................... 65
Algemene spanningstheorie (General strain theory) .................................. 65
o R. Agnew ................................................................................... 65
Sociale controletheorie (algemene criminaliteitstheorie): ........................... 67
o Gottfredson en Hirschi ................................................................. 67
Ontwikkelingstheorie (levenslooptheorieën) ............................................. 68
Sampson en Laub .............................................................................. 68


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