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Anatomy Test Bank Chapter Which of the following are signs of aging at the cellular level? (Check all that apply) A) Graying hair, waning strength, and wrinkles. B) Unrepaired DNA and abnormal proteins. C) Impaired cell division and the ability to break down and recycle worn cell parts. D) A fatty liver and clogged blood vessels. - correct answers B) Unrepaired DNA and abnormal proteins. C) Impaired cell division and the ability to break down and recycle worn cell parts. Agriculture began in some countries as recently as __________ years ago. - correct answers 6,000 Dissection of human bodies became part of formal medical school coursework in the __________ century. - correct answers twentieth The branch of science that deals with the structure of human body parts is called _________. - correct answers anatomy The branch of science that deals with the functions of human body parts is called __________. - correct answers physiology A group of cells with common properties that are organized into a layer or mass is called a(n) __________. - correct answers tissue A subcellular structure built of assemblies of macromolecules that carries out a particular function is a(n) __________. - correct answers organelle The process by which food substances are chemically changed into simpler forms that can be absorbed is called __________. - correct answers digestion The term __________ refers to an increase in body size without overall change in shape. - correct answers growth The most abundant molecule in the human body is __________. - correct answers water Self-regulating control mechanisms usually operate by a process called __________ feedback. - correct answers negative The potential space between the __________ membranes is called the pleural cavity. - correct answers pleural The chemicals secreted by endocrine glands are called __________. - correct answers hormones Deep vein thrombosis, heart attack, and high blood pressure are all diseases of the __________ system. - correct answers cardiovascular Individuals who live more than 100 years arecalled __________. - correct answers centenarians Standing erect with face and palms forward and upper limbs at the sides describes the __________ position. - correct answers anatomical A lengthwise cut that divides the body into right and left portions is termed a(n) __________ section. - correct answers sagittal An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how temperature changes affect the rate at which the heart beats is most likely a(n) __________. A) anatomist B) physiologist C) chemist D) biochemist - correct answers B) physiologist Why are the topics of anatomy and physiology difficult to separate? A) Physiological functions depend on anatomy of structures. B) Physiological functions in an organism are ongoing. C) The body parts take up space. D) Our understanding of physiology is changing more than our understanding of anatomy. - correct answers A) Physiological functions depend on anatomy of structures. The activities of an anatomist consist of __________, whereas those of a physiologist consist of __________. A) observing body parts; studying functions of body parts B) conducting experiments; making microscopic examinations C) studying molecules; observing forms of the body parts D) sketching; dissecting - correct answers A) observing body parts; studying functions of body parts What is the origin of the term "anatomy"? A) From the Greek word for "function". B) Named after the first anatomist. C) From the Greek word for "cutting up". D) For the function of internal organs. - correct answers C) From the Greek word for "cutting up".