The Upper Limb Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

The Upper Limb Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers List the bones, anatomical names and common names for the different parts of the upper limb. - answerRegion Name Bones Shoulder Shoulder Scapula/Clavical (Neck-Arm) (Pectoral Girdle) Arm Brachium Humerus (Should-Elbow) Forearm Antebrachium Radius/Ulna (Elbow-Hand) Hand Manus(wrist-carpus) Carpal Bones Hand proper-metacarpus Metacarpals Finger-Digits Phalanges List a general function of each of the scapula and clavicle. - answerScapula: Muscle attachments Axial skeleton-Scapula Clavicle: "strut" to project lim laterally (climbing) Transmit energy from appendicular-axial skeleton ex) falling down and landing on hands List the four articulations of the shoulder region, their classification and movements. - answer1. Sternum-Clavicle=sternoclavicular joint -synovial/multiaxial (functionally) *articular disc between bones 2. Scapula-Clavicle=acromioclavicular joint -synovial-gliding *coracoclavicular joint 3. Scapulothoracic articulation (NOT a joint) -elevation/depression -abduction (hugging someone) -adduction (scap add) -rotate (arm up/arm down) 4. Glenohumeral joint (true shoulder joint) -glenoid fossa & head of humorous -synovial/multiaxial (ball & socket) -ligaments are loose that allows for movement -muscles-give joint strength -surrounding glenoid fossa *glenoid labrum-rim of cartilage(deepens socket) **dislocations are anterior or posterior Describe the glenohumeral joint in terms of its structure and strength. - answerTrue shoulder joint. B/t glenoid fossa of scapula and head of humerus. Less than 1/3 of humeral head in the fossa (sets stage for shoulder to be unstable) Rim of cartilage is glenoid labrum (deepens the socket). Synovial, multiaxial, ball and socket. Flex/ext, ab/adduct, rotate. Ligaments play a very minor role in shoulder stability Describe the differences between the shoulder joint and hip joint. - answerShoulder joint is not as stable as the hip joint, but is more moveable. The hip joint is held mainly by ligaments, while the should is held mainly by muscle. Describe the differences between axiohumeral, axioscapular, and scapulohumeral muscles. - answerAxio humeral - axial skeleton to humerus (Pectoralis Major, latissimus dorsi) axioscapular muscles - move scapula to move humerus. The scapula movements are: elevate/depress, adduct/abduct, rotate (moves glenoid fossa upward and downward) (Pectoralis minor, trapezius, lavator scapulae, rhomboids, serratus anterior) scapulohumeral muscles - Directly affect humeral movement. (Deltoid, teres major, Rotator cuff muscles (teres minor, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, subscapularis)