Science Olympiad Cell Biology Exam Study Guide

Science Olympiad Cell Biology Exam Study Guide Prokaryotic cell - answerSingle-celled miroorganism with no membrane bound organelles Eukaryotic cell - answerHas a nucleus and membrane bound organelles Cabpsule - answerOnly in plants, jelly-like fluid, protects cell wall Nucleiod - answerSingular circlular molecule of DNA Flagellum - answerProtein fiber, movement Plasma membrane - answerControls what goes in and out Cilia - answerSweep materials off cell surface Rough ER - answerRibosomes, materials for protein synthesis Smooth ER - answerLipid synthesis Ribosomes - answerProtein synthesis, takes info from RNA and turns them into proteins Golgi Apparatus - answerPacking center, packages newly synthesized proteins Lysosomes - answerRecycling, has enzymes to digest ingested material/ damages tissues Microbody - answerorganelle, special enzymes, hydrogen peroxide Centrioles - answerOrganize spindle fibers during cell division Cytoskeleton - answercell shape, internal organization, cell movement Intermediate filaments - answerprovide strength for the cell Microtubules - answerDetermine shape, act as tracks for organelles and vesicles to move on. Separate chromosomes during mitosis. Also movement Microfilaments - answerActin, muscle contractions and other movements; gliding, contraction, and cytokinesis. Nucleosomes - answerRepeating units of DNA wrapped around histone proteins and linker DNA