EMT FISDAP Medical Practice Study |Question and Answers| 100% Correct

EMT FISDAP Medical Practice Study 2024- 2025 |Question and Answers| 100% Correct Ateriovenus shunt *Ans* Artificial device allows an artery to flow to a vein without moving through capillaries. Complications of renal dialysis *Ans* Hypotension, muscle cramps, nausea and vomiting, hemorrhage from the access site, and infection at the access site. What does insulin do *Ans* When you eat, insulin is secreted from the pancreas. Insulin opens up the cell for sugar. Hypoglycemia *Ans* Lack of sugar in the blood. Can be deadly. Treatment for low blood sugar *Ans* Oral glucose. Hyperglycemia (Diabetes) *Ans* An excess amount of sugar in the blood. Too little insulin makes cells unable to absorb glucose. Cell switch from normal metabolism to abnormal metabolism. It begins to breakdown fat. It begins to create Ketone in the body. Ketone is very acidic. And patient will have a fruity smell to their breath. Treatment for Hyperglycemia *Ans* Rapidly transport to the hospital. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Pathophysiology *Ans* Causes Kussmaul Respirations (Rapid, Deep breaths) Increased blood sugar, fruity smelling breath. Acidosis *Ans* The accumulation of acids in the body High Blood Sugar long term effects *Ans* Blindness, Neuropathy(Nerve Damage), Necrosis(tissue death), Lose Limbs, Kidney Problems Commonly silent MIs Hypoglycemic Crisis Blood Sugar level *Ans* Blood sugar Below 40 Hypoglycemia blood sugar level *Ans* Blood sugar 40-80 Normal Blood Sugar *Ans* Blood sugar 80-120 Hyperglycemia blood sugar level *Ans* Blood sugar 120-400 Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNC) blood sugar level *Ans* Blood sugar 400-800 Hyperglycemic Crisis blood sugar level *Ans* Blood sugar 800-up Hyperglycemia Signs & Symptoms *Ans* Kussmaul respirations (rapid, deep respirations), Dehydration, as indications of dry warm skin "tenting". Sunken eyes. A sweet or fruity odor or the breath, caused by Ketones. A rapid, weak pulse (tready) A normal or slightly low blood pressure. Varying degrees of unresponsiveness. Weakness, nausea, and vomiting. Polyuria (excessive urination), Polydipsia (excessive thirst), Polyphagia (excessive eating) Restlessness, possibly progressing to coma; abnormally slurred speech; unsteady gait(movement). Hyperglycemia Caused by *Ans* Patient is not under medical treatment Takes an insufficient amount of insulin, Excessive eating Undergoing stress that may cause infection, illness, overexertion, fatigue, or drinking alcohol. #1 cause of diabetic death in pediatrics *Ans* Cerebral edema caused by hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia Signs and symptoms *Ans* Pale, moist skin (Clammy Diaphoresis sweating), Dizziness, headache, Rapid pulse, Normal to low blood pressure, altered metal status, (Acting drunk mean, aggressive, confused, lethargic, or unusual behavior.) Anxious or combative behavior, Hunger, Seizure, fainting, or coma, weakness on one side of the body (may mimic stroke) Rapid changes in mental status