MICR 4423 Exam 1 (Unit 1 Review Questions) with
answers
What are the essential features of an antibiotic? – correct answer1) kill/stop bacterial
growth and 2) not harm the host
Is aspirin an antibiotic? why or why not? - correct answer1) no, it does not stop
bacterial growth
is bleach (sodium hypochlorite) an antibiotic? why or why not? correct answer1) - no, it
harms the host
What are practical features of an antibiotic? correct answer1) - get where it needs to go
in the body and be desynthesized, cost effective w/ sufficient quantities
what do we mean by the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antibiotic and how
does MIC relate to potency? correct answer1) - MIC = lowest concentration of antibiotic
that can stop bacteria from growing; grow bacteria with less and less of the antibiotic
and the point where it doesn't work is right below the MIC
How do you measure the MIC of an antibiotic? correct answer1) - There are multiple
ways to measure it, paper disks (Kirby Bauer method, i think), growing in test tubes
, You isolate a new compound that effectively kills many bacterial species and s harmless
when administered to animals. upon further testing, you learn the compound is stable at
25C with a half life of days, but is unstable at 37C with a half life of minutes. Would this
compound make a good AB? Why or why not? - no, natural body temp is 37C so the AB
would immediately breakdown and not have an effect
You have identified a new compound that is an effective killer of a number of bacterial
species in vitro. what is the next test you will perform to see whether it will make a good
AB? - animal testing/see if it does harm to an animal host
what characterized medicine before the late 19th century? - palliative (making someone
comfortable) or aggressively interventional (rebalancing the four humors)
What were some common interventions? - Making someone vomit, leeches, forming
blisters, bleeding someone out
Who defined the "four humors" theory and when was it defined? - Galen, 150 AD
What are the four humors? - blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile (associated with the
four elements and seasons)
Contrast the treatments required by the "four humors" theory of disease and the germ
theory of disease. - 4H: balance the humors (really terribly)
answers
What are the essential features of an antibiotic? – correct answer1) kill/stop bacterial
growth and 2) not harm the host
Is aspirin an antibiotic? why or why not? - correct answer1) no, it does not stop
bacterial growth
is bleach (sodium hypochlorite) an antibiotic? why or why not? correct answer1) - no, it
harms the host
What are practical features of an antibiotic? correct answer1) - get where it needs to go
in the body and be desynthesized, cost effective w/ sufficient quantities
what do we mean by the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antibiotic and how
does MIC relate to potency? correct answer1) - MIC = lowest concentration of antibiotic
that can stop bacteria from growing; grow bacteria with less and less of the antibiotic
and the point where it doesn't work is right below the MIC
How do you measure the MIC of an antibiotic? correct answer1) - There are multiple
ways to measure it, paper disks (Kirby Bauer method, i think), growing in test tubes
, You isolate a new compound that effectively kills many bacterial species and s harmless
when administered to animals. upon further testing, you learn the compound is stable at
25C with a half life of days, but is unstable at 37C with a half life of minutes. Would this
compound make a good AB? Why or why not? - no, natural body temp is 37C so the AB
would immediately breakdown and not have an effect
You have identified a new compound that is an effective killer of a number of bacterial
species in vitro. what is the next test you will perform to see whether it will make a good
AB? - animal testing/see if it does harm to an animal host
what characterized medicine before the late 19th century? - palliative (making someone
comfortable) or aggressively interventional (rebalancing the four humors)
What were some common interventions? - Making someone vomit, leeches, forming
blisters, bleeding someone out
Who defined the "four humors" theory and when was it defined? - Galen, 150 AD
What are the four humors? - blood, phlegm, yellow bile, black bile (associated with the
four elements and seasons)
Contrast the treatments required by the "four humors" theory of disease and the germ
theory of disease. - 4H: balance the humors (really terribly)
