Edexcel a level design technology question paper 1 june 2023 june 2023 + mark scheme What is the product of primary alcohols and acified potassium dichromate using simple distillation? - ANS-Aldehydes Chlorine and cold NaOH - ANS-NaCl + NaClO + H2O Chlo

Edexcel a level design technology question paper 1 june 2023 june 2023 + mark scheme What is the product of primary alcohols and acified potassium dichromate using simple distillation? - ANS-Aldehydes Chlorine and cold NaOH - ANS-NaCl + NaClO + H2O Chlorine and hot NaOH - ANS-NaCl + NaClO3 + H2O Chloride and sulfuric acid possible products - ANS-HCl (misty fumes) Bromide and sulfuric acid possible products - ANS-SO2, HBr, Br2 (reddish-brown gas) Iodide and sulfuric acid possible products - ANS-HI, SO2, H2S (smell of rotten eggs), S, I2 (solid, purple First Electron Affinity - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms gain 1 electron per atom to produce 1 mole of 1- gaseous ions Second Electron Affinity - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous 1- ions gain 1 electron per ion to produce gaseous 2- ions Enthalpy of Atomisation - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms are produced from an element in its standard state Hydration Enthalpy - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous ions become hydrated (dissolved in water) Enthalpy of Solution - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of an ionic solid dissolves in excess water so the dissolved ions do not interact any more Bond Dissociation Enthalpy - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of covalent bonds are broken (when the molecules are in the gaseous state) Lattice Energy of Formation - ANS-Energy change when 1 mole of an ionic solid is produced from its constituent ions in their gaseous state Lattice energy of dissociation - ANS-Energy change when 1 mole of an ionic solid is broken up into its constituent ions in the gas state Entropy - ANS-A measure of randomness/dispersal of energy in a system Polarisability - ANS-The extent to which the electron cloud can be distorted by a nearby electric charge Factors which increases the polarising power of a cation - ANSLarger charge, smaller ionic radius Factors which increase the polarisability of an anion - ANS-More electrons in its electron shells (larger ionic radius) Feasible reactions - ANS-Reactions that naturally tend to happen, even if the activation energy is high (resulting in very slow reactions) Relationship between entropy and number of ways of arranging energy and particles in a system - ANS-S = k lnW Transition metal definition - ANS-D block element that has at least 1 stable ion where the ion has an incomplete d orbita What is the product of primary alcohols and acified potassium dichromate using simple distillation? - ANS-Aldehydes Chlorine and cold NaOH - ANS-NaCl + NaClO + H2O Chlorine and hot NaOH - ANS-NaCl + NaClO3 + H2O Chloride and sulfuric acid possible products - ANS-HCl (misty fumes) Bromide and sulfuric acid possible products - ANS-SO2, HBr, Br2 (reddish-brown gas) Iodide and sulfuric acid possible products - ANS-HI, SO2, H2S (smell of rotten eggs), S, I2 (solid, purple First Electron Affinity - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms gain 1 electron per atom to produce 1 mole of 1- gaseous ions Second Electron Affinity - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous 1- ions gain 1 electron per ion to produce gaseous 2- ions Enthalpy of Atomisation - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms are produced from an element in its standard state Hydration Enthalpy - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous ions become hydrated (dissolved in water) Enthalpy of Solution - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of an ionic solid dissolves in excess water so the dissolved ions do not interact any more Bond Dissociation Enthalpy - ANS-Enthalpy change when 1 mole of covalent bonds are broken (when the molecules are in the gaseous state) Lattice Energy of Formation - ANS-Energy change when 1 mole of an ionic solid is produced from its constituent ions in their gaseous state Lattice energy of dissociation - ANS-Energy change when 1 mole of an ionic solid is broken up into its constituent ions in the gas state Entropy - ANS-A measure of randomness/dispersal of energy in a system Polarisability - ANS-The extent to which the electron cloud can be distorted by a nearby electric charge Factors which increases the polarising power of a cation - ANSLarger charge, smaller ionic radius Factors which increase the polarisability of an anion - ANS-More electrons in its electron shells (larger ionic radius) Feasible reactions - ANS-Reactions that naturally tend to happen, even if the activation energy is high (resulting in very slow reactions) Relationship between entropy and number of ways of arranging energy and particles in a system - ANS-S = k lnW Transition metal definition - ANS-D block element that has at least 1 stable ion where the ion has an incomplete d orbita