BIOL 1010 Module 5 Review Practice Exam Questions.

BIOL 1010 Module 5 Review Practice Exam Questions. prokaryotic cell - CORRECT ANSWER a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle eukaryotic cell - CORRECT ANSWER a cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus and several other membrane-bound compartments or sacs organelle - CORRECT ANSWER a membrane-bound compartment or sac within a cell plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER a phospholipid bilayer with embedded (integral) or attached (peripheral) proteins that separates the internal contents of the cell from its surrounding environment cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWER the entire region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope, consisting of organelles suspended in the gel-like cytosol, the cytoskeleton, and various chemicals cytoskeleton - CORRECT ANSWER network of protein fibers that collectively maintains the shape of the cell, secures some organelles in specific positions, allows cytoplasm and vesicles to move within the cell, and enables unicellular organisms to move Flagellum (pl. flagella) - CORRECT ANSWER long, hair-like structure that extends from the plasma membrane and is used to move the cell Cilium (pl. cilia) - CORRECT ANSWER short, hair-like structure that extends from the plasma membrane in large numbers and is used to move an entire cell or move substances along the outer surface of the cell endomembrane system - CORRECT ANSWER a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins nucleus - CORRECT ANSWER the cell organelle that houses the cell's DNA and directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER a series of interconnected membranous tubules that collectively modify proteins and synthesize lipids rough endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER the region of the endoplasmic reticulum that is studded with ribosomes and engages in protein modification smooth endoplasmic reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER the region of the endoplasmic reticulum that has few or no ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface and synthesizes carbohydrates, lipids, and steroid hormones; detoxifies chemicals like pesticides, preservatives, medications, and environmental pollutants, and stores calcium ions