BMAT-SECTION 2 From the GCSE 9-1 Science Content for Biology

WHAT ARE THE SI PREFIXES nano- 10-9 micro- 10-6 milli- 10-3 centi- 10-2 deci- 10-1 kilo- 103 mega- 106 giga- 109 WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THESE ANIMAL CELLULAR COMPONENTS(EUKARYOTIC)? Nucleus-Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell. Mitochondria-These are the where most of the aerobic respiration takes place, transferring the energy which the cell needs in order to work Cytoplasm-This is where most of the chemical reactions happen, it contains enzymes which control these chemical reactions Cell membrane-This holds the cell, and controls what goes in and out. Ribosomes-Theses are where proteins are made. WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THESE PLANT CELLULAR COMPONENTS(EUKARYOTIC)? Cell wall-Is made of cellulose and strengthens the whole cell. Chloroplasts-This is where photosynthesis occurs, making food for the cell.The chloroplasts contain green pigments called chlorophyll, which absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis. Permanent vacuole_This contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and sals. WHAT IS THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PROKARYOTIC CELLS? Nucleus-They don't have a true nucleus, instead they have a single circular strand of DNA, floating freely in cytoplasm. Plasmids-Small rings of DNA which transfer genetic information from one ell to another. No chloroplasts or mitochondria. Cell wall- made from peptidogylcan. Has a cytoplasm and cell membrane