Gerontology HESI test
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is known as
what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - ANSLavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or other
toxic substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter, with whom
she lives and who prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she should
incorporate into her diet and which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food that
this patient should be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - ANSLean red meat
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality proteins
produce less waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients
should avoid foods high in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should
eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you determine she
is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST likely be a differential
diagnosis for Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - ANSMigraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the condition
are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
,There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking. Counseling
regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for
treating tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - ANSAsk, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit, Assist in
this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned about.
How do you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. - ANSWheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed
lesion that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion
that's 0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a variety of
shapes; larger than 5mm.
Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
males and females over 75
females over 75 - ANSmales aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The American
Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever
smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - ANSMetronidazole.
, The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni:
Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia
lamblia: Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the woods and
discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is
slightly red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. - ANSHe needs no treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must belong
to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the disease can
spread. There is no need for prophylactic treatment in this case because the tick has not been
present long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an
Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat. - ANSEyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints / Muscles
Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat
As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some laboratory test
results will have age-related changes. Which of the following values would be the least likely to
be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values - ANSplatelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white blood
cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but platelet range
does not vary.
The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more about this condition. You
would tell them all of the following except:
The cleansing of the stomach with solution delivered through a nasogastric tube is known as
what?
Gavage
Emesis
Lavage
Stomach pumping - ANSLavage
Gastric lavage is used to cleanse the stomach of a poison, overdose of medication, or other
toxic substance. It is delivered through a nasogastric tube
You are providing care to a patient who has recently begun dialysis. Her daughter, with whom
she lives and who prepares many of her meals, asks what types of foods she should
incorporate into her diet and which she should avoid. Which of the following is NOT a food that
this patient should be advised to avoid?
Avocado.
Lean red meat.
Dried fruit.
Bananas. - ANSLean red meat
Dialysis patients are encouraged to eat lean meat, including red meat. High quality proteins
produce less waste and help the body heal and maintain regular processes. Dialysis patients
should avoid foods high in potassium, including avocado, banana, and dried fruit, and should
eat other potassium-containing foods in moderation.
Your 89-year-old patient presents with dyspepsia and nausea. After testing, you determine she
is positive for Peptic Ulcer Disease. Of the following, which would LEAST likely be a differential
diagnosis for Peptic Ulcer Disease?
Cholecystitis.
Migraines.
Gastric carcinoma.
Cardiovascular disease. - ANSMigraines
Peptic Ulcer Disease is a gastrointestinal disorder. Other differential diagnoses of the condition
are pancreatitis and biliary tract disease.
,There are a good many diseases affecting the elderly that are the result of smoking. Counseling
regarding smoking cessation is part of the GNP's job. The components of brief intervention for
treating tobacco use are:
Counsel, Document, Caution, Describe, Demonstrate
Advise, Confer, Describe, Document, Prescribe
Advise, Counsel, Intervene, Prescribe, Follow-up
Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange - ANSAsk, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange
Ask about tobacco use, Advise to quit, Assess willingness to make an attempt to quit, Assist in
this quit attempt. Arrange a follow-up.
Mrs. Frasier, an 50-year-old patient, presents with a mosquito bite that she is concerned about.
How do you diagnose this?
Cyst.
Bulla.
Wheal.
Plaques. - ANSWheal
Cyst: encapsulated, fluid-filled mass that varies in size. Bulla: fluid-filled, elevated, circumscribed
lesion that's larger than 5mm. Wheal: circumscribed, reddening with transient elevation lesion
that's 0.5 to 10mm diameter. Plaques: usually a grouping of papules; elevated and a variety of
shapes; larger than 5mm.
Which of the following groups should be tested for abdominal aortic aneurysm?
males aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
females aged 65-75 who have hypertension
males and females over 75
females over 75 - ANSmales aged 65-75 who have ever smoked
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is more prevalent in males than in females. The American
Heart Association recommends screening males once between ages 65-75 if they have ever
smoked since that increases the risk of AAA.
With a giardia lamblia diagnosis, the NP would MOST likely prescribe what medication?
Metronidazole.
Erythromycin.
Ampicillin.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. - ANSMetronidazole.
, The preceding drugs are typically used in treating the following: - Campylobacter jejuni:
Erythromycin - Salmonella: Ampicillin - Shigella: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole - Giardia
lamblia: Metronidazole
A 65-year-old Caucasian male calls your office. He tells you he just came in from the woods and
discovered a tick on his upper right thigh. He reports self removal of the tick and now the area is
slightly red. What should you advise him to do?
He should come to the office for a ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injection.
He should be prescribed doxycycline.
He needs no treatment.
He needs a topical scrub to prevent Lyme Disease. - ANSHe needs no treatment.
To develop Lyme Disease from a tick bite, many factors must be present. The tick must belong
to Ixodes species and must have been attached for at least 48 hours before the disease can
spread. There is no need for prophylactic treatment in this case because the tick has not been
present long enough.
As part of the treatment plan for your elderly patient, you recommend he see an
Ophthalmologist. What body part(s) will this doctor evaluate?
Brain / nerves.
Eyes.
Bones / Joints / Muscles.
Ears / Throat. - ANSEyes
Neurologist - Brain / nerves Ophthalmologist - Eyes Orthopedist - Bones / Joints / Muscles
Otolaryngologist - Ears / Throat
As a GNP you understand that due to physiological changes of aging, some laboratory test
results will have age-related changes. Which of the following values would be the least likely to
be affected?
red blood cell values
white blood cell counts
platelet range
hemoglobin values - ANSplatelet range
Due to the physiological changes of aging, red blood cell values tend to decrease, white blood
cell counts tend to decrease slightly, hemoglobin values slightly decrease, but platelet range
does not vary.
The family of a patient with dementia has asked you to tell them more about this condition. You
would tell them all of the following except:
