Essential Cell Biology 5th Edition Chapter 1
Review
1. The soluble portion of the cytoplasm, which includes molecules and small
particles, such as ribosomes, but not the organelles covered with mem- branes.:
Cytosol
2. A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended: Cyto- plasm
3. An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical
processes of respiration and energy production occur. Generates energy for
Eukaryotic cells.: Mitochondria
4. A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction.: Nucleus
5. organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemi- cal
energy in a process called photosynthesis: Chloroplasts
6. cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the
cell: Lysosomes
7. a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most
living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.: Chromo- somes
8. stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the
endoplasmic reticulum: Golgi apparatus
9. small, membrane-enclosed vesicles that provide a sequestered environ- ment for a
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, Essential Cell Biology 5th Edition Chapter 1
Review
variety of reactions in which hydrogen peroxide is used to inactivate toxic molecules.:
Peroxisomes
10.a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the external boundary
of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the passage of
molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.: plasma membrane
11.Labyrinthine membrane-enclosed compartment in the cytoplasm of eu- karyotic
cells where lipids and proteins are made.: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
12.A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape,
and aids in movement: Cytoskeleton
13. Large macromolecular complex, composed of RNAs and proteins, that
translates a messenger RNA into a polypeptide chain/synthesizes proteins-
: Ribosome
14.T/F: The hereditary information of a cell is passed on by its proteins.: F (The
hereditary information is encoded in the cell's DNA, which in turn specifies its proteins
(via RNA).)
15.T/F: Bacterial DNA is found in the cytoplasm.: T (Bacteria do not have a
nucleus.)
16.T/F: Plants are composed of prokaryotic cells.: F (Plants, like animals, are
composed of eukaryotic cells, but unlike animal cells, they contain chloroplasts as
2/4
Review
1. The soluble portion of the cytoplasm, which includes molecules and small
particles, such as ribosomes, but not the organelles covered with mem- branes.:
Cytosol
2. A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended: Cyto- plasm
3. An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical
processes of respiration and energy production occur. Generates energy for
Eukaryotic cells.: Mitochondria
4. A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and
reproduction.: Nucleus
5. organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemi- cal
energy in a process called photosynthesis: Chloroplasts
6. cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the
cell: Lysosomes
7. a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most
living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.: Chromo- somes
8. stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the
endoplasmic reticulum: Golgi apparatus
9. small, membrane-enclosed vesicles that provide a sequestered environ- ment for a
1/4
, Essential Cell Biology 5th Edition Chapter 1
Review
variety of reactions in which hydrogen peroxide is used to inactivate toxic molecules.:
Peroxisomes
10.a microscopic membrane of lipids and proteins that forms the external boundary
of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and that regulates the passage of
molecules in and out of the cytoplasm.: plasma membrane
11.Labyrinthine membrane-enclosed compartment in the cytoplasm of eu- karyotic
cells where lipids and proteins are made.: Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
12.A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape,
and aids in movement: Cytoskeleton
13. Large macromolecular complex, composed of RNAs and proteins, that
translates a messenger RNA into a polypeptide chain/synthesizes proteins-
: Ribosome
14.T/F: The hereditary information of a cell is passed on by its proteins.: F (The
hereditary information is encoded in the cell's DNA, which in turn specifies its proteins
(via RNA).)
15.T/F: Bacterial DNA is found in the cytoplasm.: T (Bacteria do not have a
nucleus.)
16.T/F: Plants are composed of prokaryotic cells.: F (Plants, like animals, are
composed of eukaryotic cells, but unlike animal cells, they contain chloroplasts as
2/4
