2023-2024 Constructie technieken
Mona De Sy
Mona De Sy
HOGENT
,Inhoudsopgave
Inleiding.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
Wat zijn technische installa.es? ......................................................................................................................... 4
Technieken – nut? ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Technieken de bouw v/e woning......................................................................................................................... 5
Verwarming .................................................................................................................................................... 9
Inleiding .............................................................................................................................................................. 9
Wetgeving........................................................................................................................................................... 9
Bevoegdheden ............................................................................................................................................... 9
De Vlaamse Codex Wonen ............................................................................................................................. 9
Hernieuwbare of duurzame energie ................................................................................................................... 9
Gevaar CO......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Gevaar van gas ................................................................................................................................................. 10
Ruimteverwarming: indeling ............................................................................................................................ 10
Ruimteverwarming: produc.e .......................................................................................................................... 11
Individuele centrale verwarming ................................................................................................................. 11
Werking cv ........................................................................................................................................................ 11
Wat is een condenserende ketel ....................................................................................................................... 11
Condenserende ketel ................................................................................................................................... 11
Wat is een open/ gesloten toestel? .................................................................................................................. 12
Atmosferische ketel ..................................................................................................................................... 12
Ketels met gesloten verbrandingskamer ..................................................................................................... 12
Produc.e .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
Opnemen aanwezigheid label ..................................................................................................................... 13
Ruimteverwarming: produc.e .......................................................................................................................... 13
Glijdende watertemperatuur met regeling door de kamerthermostaat ..................................................... 14
WeersaNankelijke regeling door middel van een buitenvoeler .................................................................. 14
WeeraNankelijk door regeling door middel van een buitenvoeler ............................................................. 14
Decentrale verwarming ............................................................................................................................... 15
Distribu.e ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
Voor individuele centrale verwarming......................................................................................................... 15
Regeling ............................................................................................................................................................ 15
Individuele centrale verwarming ................................................................................................................. 15
Energietransi.e ................................................................................................................................................ 15
Noodzaak ..................................................................................................................................................... 15
Kenmerken ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Aanpak ......................................................................................................................................................... 16
Brandstoffen ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
Verbranding ................................................................................................................................................. 17
Gevaar van CO ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Energiebronnen ................................................................................................................................................ 18
Verbranding ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Fossiel .......................................................................................................................................................... 18
Gas ............................................................................................................................................................... 19
1
, Hout ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
Geen verbranding ............................................................................................................................................. 19
Elektriciteit ................................................................................................................................................... 19
RecuperaUe .................................................................................................................................................. 20
Regeling: de onderdelen ................................................................................................................................... 20
De geiser, de doorstromer, de gaswandketel ............................................................................................... 20
De boiler ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
De ketelthermostaat .................................................................................................................................... 21
De buitensonde of buitenvoeler .................................................................................................................. 21
De omgevingsthermostaat........................................................................................................................... 21
De cirulaUepomp ......................................................................................................................................... 21
De collectoren .............................................................................................................................................. 21
De radiatorkraan .......................................................................................................................................... 22
De thermostaatkraan ................................................................................................................................... 22
De thermostaat van de warmteboiler.......................................................................................................... 22
De centrale elektronische regeling .............................................................................................................. 22
Het expansievat ........................................................................................................................................... 22
De ketelthermostaat .................................................................................................................................... 23
Warmte – afgiVe .............................................................................................................................................. 23
Sfeerverwarming ......................................................................................................................................... 23
Radiatoren ................................................................................................................................................... 23
Convectoren................................................................................................................................................. 23
Vloerverwarming ......................................................................................................................................... 23
Wandverwarming ........................................................................................................................................ 23
Infra – rood straling ..................................................................................................................................... 23
Warmte – gordijn ......................................................................................................................................... 24
Warmtepompen ............................................................................................................................................... 24
Algemeen ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
Wat is een warmtepomp?............................................................................................................................ 24
Begrip warmtebron ...................................................................................................................................... 25
Water/ water WP ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Grond/ water ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Lucht/ water ................................................................................................................................................ 26
Rendement van een warmtepomp = wins_actor ........................................................................................ 26
Begrip COP ................................................................................................................................................... 26
Wanneer geschikt? ...................................................................................................................................... 26
Geothermie ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
WarmteneWen .................................................................................................................................................. 27
WKK .................................................................................................................................................................. 27
SWW zonneboiler ............................................................................................................................................. 27
Zonneboiler.................................................................................................................................................. 27
Werking........................................................................................................................................................ 28
Vlakke plaatcollector.................................................................................................................................... 28
Vacuüm buiscollector................................................................................................................................... 28
Reiniging collectoren ................................................................................................................................... 29
Verwarming en SWW........................................................................................................................................ 29
Keuring gasleidingen .................................................................................................................................... 29
Nieuw toestel: keuring voor eerste ingebruikname..................................................................................... 29
Periodiek onderhoud ................................................................................................................................... 29
Toestel in gebruik: verwarmingsaudit .......................................................................................................... 29
Stookolietank < 5.000 l – controle bij plaatsing ........................................................................................... 29
Stookolietank < 5.000 l – periodieke controle ............................................................................................. 29
2
, Verwarming: de zonneboiler............................................................................................................................. 29
Elektriciteit ................................................................................................................................................... 30
Lamp brandt: gecoördineerde bewegingen die elektrische stroom genereren ................................................ 30
Begrip I = stroomsterkte .............................................................................................................................. 30
Spanning ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
Generatoren: wisselspanning en gelijkspanning.......................................................................................... 30
Weerstand R ................................................................................................................................................ 31
Arbeid en vermogen .................................................................................................................................... 31
De elektrische leiding ........................................................................................................................................ 32
De klassen van elektrisch materiaal ................................................................................................................. 33
Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 33
Materiaal van klasse 0 tot 01 ....................................................................................................................... 33
Materiaal van klasse I .................................................................................................................................. 33
Materiaal van klasse II ................................................................................................................................. 33
Materiaal van klasse III ................................................................................................................................ 33
De aarding en aardingslus ................................................................................................................................ 33
Aarding ........................................................................................................................................................ 33
De differen.ëelschakelaar ................................................................................................................................ 34
Equipoten.aal verbinding................................................................................................................................. 34
Automa.sche schakelaars ................................................................................................................................ 34
Beschermingsgraad van elektrisch materiaal................................................................................................... 35
Verlich8ng .................................................................................................................................................... 36
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................ 36
Theore.sche begrippen inzake verlich.ng........................................................................................................ 36
Lich_lux........................................................................................................................................................ 36
LichUntensiteit ............................................................................................................................................. 36
VerlichUngssterkte ....................................................................................................................................... 36
LuminaUe ..................................................................................................................................................... 36
Soorten lampen ................................................................................................................................................ 36
Gloeilampen ................................................................................................................................................ 36
Halogeenlampen.......................................................................................................................................... 37
Ontladingslampen (kwik en natriumlampen) .............................................................................................. 38
Nieuwe tendensen inzake verlich.ng ............................................................................................................... 38
LED ............................................................................................................................................................... 38
Inbraakveiligheid .......................................................................................................................................... 39
Brandveiligheid ............................................................................................................................................. 40
Brandmelders: drie hoofdgroepen .................................................................................................................... 44
Drinkwater.................................................................................................................................................... 46
Ven8la8e ...................................................................................................................................................... 52
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................................... 52
De basisnorm .................................................................................................................................................... 53
Het basisprincipe .............................................................................................................................................. 54
4 basissystemen ................................................................................................................................................ 55
3
Mona De Sy
Mona De Sy
HOGENT
,Inhoudsopgave
Inleiding.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
Wat zijn technische installa.es? ......................................................................................................................... 4
Technieken – nut? ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Technieken de bouw v/e woning......................................................................................................................... 5
Verwarming .................................................................................................................................................... 9
Inleiding .............................................................................................................................................................. 9
Wetgeving........................................................................................................................................................... 9
Bevoegdheden ............................................................................................................................................... 9
De Vlaamse Codex Wonen ............................................................................................................................. 9
Hernieuwbare of duurzame energie ................................................................................................................... 9
Gevaar CO......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Gevaar van gas ................................................................................................................................................. 10
Ruimteverwarming: indeling ............................................................................................................................ 10
Ruimteverwarming: produc.e .......................................................................................................................... 11
Individuele centrale verwarming ................................................................................................................. 11
Werking cv ........................................................................................................................................................ 11
Wat is een condenserende ketel ....................................................................................................................... 11
Condenserende ketel ................................................................................................................................... 11
Wat is een open/ gesloten toestel? .................................................................................................................. 12
Atmosferische ketel ..................................................................................................................................... 12
Ketels met gesloten verbrandingskamer ..................................................................................................... 12
Produc.e .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
Opnemen aanwezigheid label ..................................................................................................................... 13
Ruimteverwarming: produc.e .......................................................................................................................... 13
Glijdende watertemperatuur met regeling door de kamerthermostaat ..................................................... 14
WeersaNankelijke regeling door middel van een buitenvoeler .................................................................. 14
WeeraNankelijk door regeling door middel van een buitenvoeler ............................................................. 14
Decentrale verwarming ............................................................................................................................... 15
Distribu.e ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
Voor individuele centrale verwarming......................................................................................................... 15
Regeling ............................................................................................................................................................ 15
Individuele centrale verwarming ................................................................................................................. 15
Energietransi.e ................................................................................................................................................ 15
Noodzaak ..................................................................................................................................................... 15
Kenmerken ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Aanpak ......................................................................................................................................................... 16
Brandstoffen ..................................................................................................................................................... 17
Verbranding ................................................................................................................................................. 17
Gevaar van CO ............................................................................................................................................. 17
Energiebronnen ................................................................................................................................................ 18
Verbranding ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
Fossiel .......................................................................................................................................................... 18
Gas ............................................................................................................................................................... 19
1
, Hout ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
Geen verbranding ............................................................................................................................................. 19
Elektriciteit ................................................................................................................................................... 19
RecuperaUe .................................................................................................................................................. 20
Regeling: de onderdelen ................................................................................................................................... 20
De geiser, de doorstromer, de gaswandketel ............................................................................................... 20
De boiler ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
De ketelthermostaat .................................................................................................................................... 21
De buitensonde of buitenvoeler .................................................................................................................. 21
De omgevingsthermostaat........................................................................................................................... 21
De cirulaUepomp ......................................................................................................................................... 21
De collectoren .............................................................................................................................................. 21
De radiatorkraan .......................................................................................................................................... 22
De thermostaatkraan ................................................................................................................................... 22
De thermostaat van de warmteboiler.......................................................................................................... 22
De centrale elektronische regeling .............................................................................................................. 22
Het expansievat ........................................................................................................................................... 22
De ketelthermostaat .................................................................................................................................... 23
Warmte – afgiVe .............................................................................................................................................. 23
Sfeerverwarming ......................................................................................................................................... 23
Radiatoren ................................................................................................................................................... 23
Convectoren................................................................................................................................................. 23
Vloerverwarming ......................................................................................................................................... 23
Wandverwarming ........................................................................................................................................ 23
Infra – rood straling ..................................................................................................................................... 23
Warmte – gordijn ......................................................................................................................................... 24
Warmtepompen ............................................................................................................................................... 24
Algemeen ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
Wat is een warmtepomp?............................................................................................................................ 24
Begrip warmtebron ...................................................................................................................................... 25
Water/ water WP ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Grond/ water ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Lucht/ water ................................................................................................................................................ 26
Rendement van een warmtepomp = wins_actor ........................................................................................ 26
Begrip COP ................................................................................................................................................... 26
Wanneer geschikt? ...................................................................................................................................... 26
Geothermie ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
WarmteneWen .................................................................................................................................................. 27
WKK .................................................................................................................................................................. 27
SWW zonneboiler ............................................................................................................................................. 27
Zonneboiler.................................................................................................................................................. 27
Werking........................................................................................................................................................ 28
Vlakke plaatcollector.................................................................................................................................... 28
Vacuüm buiscollector................................................................................................................................... 28
Reiniging collectoren ................................................................................................................................... 29
Verwarming en SWW........................................................................................................................................ 29
Keuring gasleidingen .................................................................................................................................... 29
Nieuw toestel: keuring voor eerste ingebruikname..................................................................................... 29
Periodiek onderhoud ................................................................................................................................... 29
Toestel in gebruik: verwarmingsaudit .......................................................................................................... 29
Stookolietank < 5.000 l – controle bij plaatsing ........................................................................................... 29
Stookolietank < 5.000 l – periodieke controle ............................................................................................. 29
2
, Verwarming: de zonneboiler............................................................................................................................. 29
Elektriciteit ................................................................................................................................................... 30
Lamp brandt: gecoördineerde bewegingen die elektrische stroom genereren ................................................ 30
Begrip I = stroomsterkte .............................................................................................................................. 30
Spanning ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
Generatoren: wisselspanning en gelijkspanning.......................................................................................... 30
Weerstand R ................................................................................................................................................ 31
Arbeid en vermogen .................................................................................................................................... 31
De elektrische leiding ........................................................................................................................................ 32
De klassen van elektrisch materiaal ................................................................................................................. 33
Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 33
Materiaal van klasse 0 tot 01 ....................................................................................................................... 33
Materiaal van klasse I .................................................................................................................................. 33
Materiaal van klasse II ................................................................................................................................. 33
Materiaal van klasse III ................................................................................................................................ 33
De aarding en aardingslus ................................................................................................................................ 33
Aarding ........................................................................................................................................................ 33
De differen.ëelschakelaar ................................................................................................................................ 34
Equipoten.aal verbinding................................................................................................................................. 34
Automa.sche schakelaars ................................................................................................................................ 34
Beschermingsgraad van elektrisch materiaal................................................................................................... 35
Verlich8ng .................................................................................................................................................... 36
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................ 36
Theore.sche begrippen inzake verlich.ng........................................................................................................ 36
Lich_lux........................................................................................................................................................ 36
LichUntensiteit ............................................................................................................................................. 36
VerlichUngssterkte ....................................................................................................................................... 36
LuminaUe ..................................................................................................................................................... 36
Soorten lampen ................................................................................................................................................ 36
Gloeilampen ................................................................................................................................................ 36
Halogeenlampen.......................................................................................................................................... 37
Ontladingslampen (kwik en natriumlampen) .............................................................................................. 38
Nieuwe tendensen inzake verlich.ng ............................................................................................................... 38
LED ............................................................................................................................................................... 38
Inbraakveiligheid .......................................................................................................................................... 39
Brandveiligheid ............................................................................................................................................. 40
Brandmelders: drie hoofdgroepen .................................................................................................................... 44
Drinkwater.................................................................................................................................................... 46
Ven8la8e ...................................................................................................................................................... 52
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................................... 52
De basisnorm .................................................................................................................................................... 53
Het basisprincipe .............................................................................................................................................. 54
4 basissystemen ................................................................................................................................................ 55
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