EMT 100 Chapter 11 Airway Management (12th Edition) latest update with 100% verified accurate solutions(all you need to know)

Which of the following structures is contained within the mediastinum? Esophagus Inhalation occurs when the: Diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure. Which of the following factors will cause a decreased minute volume in an adult? Shallow breathing The hypoxic drive is influenced by: low blood oxygen levels Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia? Cyanosis A ventilation/perfusion (V/Q ratio) mismatch occurs when: A disruption in blood flow inhibits the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, even though the alveoli are filled with fresh oxygen Which of the following organs or tissues can survive the longest without oxygen? Skeletal muscle A 19-year old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called: Ventilation What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly? Air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange How does CPAP improve oxygenation and ventilation in patients with certain respiratory problems? It forces the alveoli open and pushes oxygen across the alveolar membrane Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse? Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag While providing CPAP to a patient in severe respiratory distress, you note that his heart rate has increased by 20 beats/min. He is conscious, but is no longer following verbal commands. You should: Remove the CPAP device and ventilate him with a bag-valve mask At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to: 44% Based on the current guidelines, in which of the following situations should you supplemental oxygen be administered? Exposure to carbon monoxide and the oxygen saturation of 95% The term used to describe the amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood. partial pressure Movement of a gas from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Diffusion The upper airway consists of: Nasopharynx, Nasal air passage, Pharynx, Oropharynx, mouth, Epiglottis, Larynx. It functions to warm, filter and humidify air as it enters the nose and mouth. The lower airway consists of: Trachea and lungs; its function is to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide What procedure requires enhanced PPE? Aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) Diffusion the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration How does oxygen reach body tissues and cells? Breathing and circulation Increased distress, muscles that are ordinarily not used during normal breathing are: Accessory muscles What is the order of the pharynx? nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx What is the purpose of the nasopharynx? Lined with a ciliated mucous membrane it keeps contaminants such as dust and small particles out of the respiratory system Epiglottis A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering. Larynx the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords in humans and other mammals; the voice box. It also contains defense reflexes The tubular structure approx. 4-5 in (10-12cm) consisting of C-shaped cartilaginous rings. Trachae Visceral pleura covers the outer surface of the lung tissue and the parietal pleura lines the inside of the thoracic cavity Bronchioles Thin, hollow tubes made of smooth muscle. What's the narrowest portion of the airway on children younger than 8 years? Cricoid ring