PHIL 347 Midterm Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Moral realism Correct Answer - there are both objective moral truths and objective moral fallacies Moral realism steps Correct Answer (1) no statement is true/false except objective reality makes it so (2) there are true moral statements (3) so, moral statements are made true or false by objective reality Kant on moral realism Correct Answer (1) it is rationally (morally necessary) to find perfect good, since happiness comes f. *complete virtue* (2) there is an obligation to attain what is *possible* to be attained (3) perfect good's goal is only possible if natural order/causality are parts of a greater moral order (4) moral order only possible if God is the source (5) so, there is a moral necessity to conclude God exists Euthyphro dilemma Correct Answer - does God will the good because it is good? OR - is it good because God wills it? Good because it is good Correct Answer - "the good" and "God" become indep. f. each other, so must be followed - problematic because "the good" itself is not divine Because God wills it Correct Answer - makes "the good" contingent on God, whatever God commands is "good" - no room for intrinsic good Aquinas on the Euthyphro dilemma Correct Answer - not a dilemma, because God and the good are the *same thing* - this is due to the Doctrine of Divine Simplicity: God is identical to his attributes Kant on God's moral criteria Correct Answer - Abraham should have inferred he was *not* hearing the voice of God, but he was unable to since he thought morality becomes f. God Religion corrupts morality (Rachel) Correct Answer - belief in God requires an attitude that is inappropriate to an autonomous moral agent Rachel's argument Correct Answer (1) belief in God means an unqualified commitment to obey his command (2) to be a good moral agent means to act on principles that come autonomously f. proper moral behaviour that is valid (3) so, belief in God is in conflict w/ good moral agency