Topic: psychology- multi-store model of memory (MSM)
Key points/ Notes/Diagrams:
Main Ideas/
A model is a representation of how something works.
Questions: (e.g the underground doesn’t actually look like the map, but helps us understand by
using a neater representation).
What does
Encoding → Storage → Retrieval
encoding mean?
Encoding- Editing incoming info so that it can be stored correctly.
What does
storage mean? Storage- Holding info in the correct memory system
Retrieval- recovering (remembering) info from storage.
What does
retrieval mean? Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
What did
Atkinson and
Shiffrin (1968)
find out?
What is the
sensory register?
What are the two
main stores in
sensory memory
and what do they
do?
Sensory register- a stimulus from the environment (e.g the sound of your name
What is the being called) passes into the sensory register.
duration and
capacity of the 2 main stores in sensory memory:
- Iconic memory: visual info
sensory register?
- Echoic memory: acoustic info
How are The duration of the sensory register is less than half a second.
memories Capacity of the sensory register is unlimited.
transferred Information will only be passed onto the STM if you pay attention to it.
between STM
and LTM? Info stays in the STM as long as it's rehearsed.
If you rehearse long enough it passes through to your LTM.
What did Glanzer When we want to recall LTMs they have to be transferred back to your short term
and Cunitz memory via retrieval.
(1966) find out? None of our memories are directly recalled through the long-term memory store.
Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)- supports MSM as they suggest there are separate
stores for STM and LTM.
What did Craik
Participants were instructed to memorise a list of words
and Lockhart
● They recalled the first few accurately (primary effect)
(1972) find out? ● They recalled the last few accurately (recency effect)
Words early on the list were put into LTM because the person has time to rehearse
Key points/ Notes/Diagrams:
Main Ideas/
A model is a representation of how something works.
Questions: (e.g the underground doesn’t actually look like the map, but helps us understand by
using a neater representation).
What does
Encoding → Storage → Retrieval
encoding mean?
Encoding- Editing incoming info so that it can be stored correctly.
What does
storage mean? Storage- Holding info in the correct memory system
Retrieval- recovering (remembering) info from storage.
What does
retrieval mean? Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
What did
Atkinson and
Shiffrin (1968)
find out?
What is the
sensory register?
What are the two
main stores in
sensory memory
and what do they
do?
Sensory register- a stimulus from the environment (e.g the sound of your name
What is the being called) passes into the sensory register.
duration and
capacity of the 2 main stores in sensory memory:
- Iconic memory: visual info
sensory register?
- Echoic memory: acoustic info
How are The duration of the sensory register is less than half a second.
memories Capacity of the sensory register is unlimited.
transferred Information will only be passed onto the STM if you pay attention to it.
between STM
and LTM? Info stays in the STM as long as it's rehearsed.
If you rehearse long enough it passes through to your LTM.
What did Glanzer When we want to recall LTMs they have to be transferred back to your short term
and Cunitz memory via retrieval.
(1966) find out? None of our memories are directly recalled through the long-term memory store.
Glanzer and Cunitz (1966)- supports MSM as they suggest there are separate
stores for STM and LTM.
What did Craik
Participants were instructed to memorise a list of words
and Lockhart
● They recalled the first few accurately (primary effect)
(1972) find out? ● They recalled the last few accurately (recency effect)
Words early on the list were put into LTM because the person has time to rehearse
