ATI CBC Level 2 Test Guide |Question and Answers| # Latest

ATI CBC Level 2 Test Guide |Question and Answers| # Latest what does pH tell you *Ans* the expression of the balance between carbon dioxide and bicarbonate what causes a lower pH in the body *Ans* the greater the concentration of hydrogen, the more acidic the body fluids what causes a higher pH in the body *Ans* the lower the concentration of hydrogen, the more alkaline the body fluids hyperventilation and hydrogen ions *Ans* causes a decrease in hydrogen ions hypoventilation and hydrogen ions *Ans* causes an increase in hydrogen ions normal pH for the blood *Ans* 7.35-7.45 what causes respiratory acidosis *Ans* hypoventilation what causes hypoventilation *Ans* - respiratory depression from opioids, poisons - brain tumors, stroke, trauma - muscle weakness, flail chest, obesity, sleep apnea - airway obstruction - pneumothorax manifestations of respiratory acidosis *Ans* - tachycardia (severe is bradycardia), tachypnea, hypertension - anxiety, irritability, confusion, coma - ineffective, shallow, rapid breathing - pale or cyanotic nursing care for a patient with respiratory acidosis *Ans* - oxygen therapy - maintain patent airway - positioning and breathing techniques what causes respiratory alkalosis *Ans* hyperventilation what causes hyperventilation *Ans* - fear, anxiety, intracerebral trauma, excessive mechanical ventilation - hypoxemia from asphyxiation, high altitudes, shock, pneumonia lab values for respiratory alkalosis *Ans* PaCO2: less than 35 pH: greater than 7.45 HCO3: less than 24 lab values for respiratory acidosis *Ans* PaCO2: greater than 45 pH: less than 7.35 HCO3: greater than 28 manifestations of respiratory alkalosis *Ans* - tachypnea - inability to concentrate, numbness, tingling - tachycardia, dysrhythmias - rapid deep respirations nursing care for respiratory alkalosis *Ans* - oxygen therapy - anxiety reduction interventions - rebreathing techniques what causes metabolic acidosis *Ans* - diabetic ketoacidosis - starvation - heavy exercise, seizure activity, hypoxi