ITLS Exam Final Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version 2024 | Verified

ITLS Exam Final Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Latest Version 2024 | Verified What is normal paCO2 - 35-45mmHg When is intercranial pressure considered dangerous - They rise in 15 mmHg and cerebral herniation may occur at pressures above 25 mmHg How is cerebral perfusion pressure calculated - Subtracting intercranial pressure from mean arterial blood pressure What is map - Mean arterial pressure If ICP increases then what happens to cerebral perfusion pressure - Cerebral perfusion pressure will decrease Through perfusion pressure must maintain at least what - 60 mmHg which requires maintaining a systolic blood pressure of 110 What is cerebral herniation syndrome - A critical syndrome in which swelling of the brain forces portions of the brain through the magnum foremen causing coma, dilation of pupils, contralateral paralysis, elevated blood pressure and bradycardia When is hyperventilation indicated - Cerebral herniation syndrome How many breaths per minute for children and infants with cerebral herniation syndrome - 25 for children and 30 for infants Patients with ICP should have an end title CO2 of what - 30 to 35 What are normal ventilation rate for adults children and infants - 8 to 10,15 and 20 What is non-reflow phenomenon - The inability of restoring oxygenation and blood pressure to restore perfusion to the cortex after and anoxic episode of 4 to 6 minutes What artery is often teared in acute epidural hematoma - Middle meningeal artery Whatis it called when a patient is conscious and coherent and then lapses into unconsciousness - Lucid interval What type of bleed is often acute subdural hematoma - Venous Where does the bleeding occur in an acute subdural hematoma - Between the dura and the arachnoid Where does the bleeding occur in an acute epidural hematoma - Between the Dura and the skull What sort of injury is often prevalent in acute subdural hematoma - Injury to the underlying brain tissue Who is at highest risk for subdural hematoma's - Alcoholics and elderly patients and those taking anticoagulants Enter through hemorrhage is often caused by what Trumatic injuries - Blunt force trauma or penetrating injuries Raccoon eyes areevidence of what - Anterior basilar skull fracture Battle signs are evidence of what - Posterior Basilar skull fracture A GCS of it or less in the TBI patient is considered evidence of what - Severe brain injury What is compartment syndrome - We condition in which increased tissue pressure in a confined space causes decreased blood flow, leading to hypoxia and possible muscle, nerves, and vessel impairment, which may be permanent if cells die