Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Exam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated)

Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Exam Questions And Answers (Verified And Updated) When does osmolatity occur? - answerwhen body fluid becomes hypertonic or hypotonic What is hypernatremia? - answerwater deficit What is hyponatremia? - answerwater excess or intoxication Body fluids are distributed between what two compartments? - answer-Intracellular (ICF) -Extracellular (ECF) What is ICF? - answer-2/3 of body water -body fluids WITHIN the cells What is ECF? - answer-1/3 of body water -Body fluid OUTSIDE of the cell membrane -is divided into 3 parts What are the 3 parts of ECF? - answer-Intravascular fluid -Interstitual fluid -Trancellular body fluids What is intravascular fluid? - answerthe liquid part of blood or the plasma What is interstitial fluid? - answerfluid between cells What is transcellular body fluids? - answersecreted by epithelial cells (cerebrospinal, pleural, peritoneal, synovial fluids) What is relative dehydration? - answerWhen water shifts from the plasma into the interstitial space. There is no actual loss of total body water, it's just moved. What is hypovolemia? - answer-isotonic dehydration -lack of both water and electrolytes, causing a decrease in circulating blood volume What is hypovolemia also known as? - answervolume deficit What are some causes of hypovolemia? - answer-Excesssive GI loss (vomiting, diarrhea, and nasogastric suctioning) -Excessive renal system losses (Diuretic therapy, kidney disease, adrenal insufficiency) -Excessive skin loss (diaphoresis without sodium and water replacement) -third spacing (burns) -Hemorrage or plasma loss -Altered intake (anorexia, nausea, impaired swallowing, confusion, NPO, What are some causes of dehydration? - answer-Hyperventilation or perspiration without water treatment -Prolonged fever -diabetic ketoacidosis -insufficent water intake -diabetes insipidus -osmotic diuresis -excessive intake of salt, salt tablets, or hypertonic IV fluids Manifestations of Hypovolemia? - answer-Hyperthermia -tachycardia -thready pulse -hypotension -tachypnea -hypoxia -dizziness -thirst and dry tongue -nausea and vomiting - Oliguria Findings of hypovolemia? - answer-Diminished capillary refill -cool, clammy skin -diaphoresis